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@ARTICLE{Peters:862615,
      author       = {Peters, Ralf and Decker, Maximilian and Eggemann, Lea and
                      Schemme, Steffen and Schorn, Felix and Breuer, Janos and
                      Weiske, Stefan and Pasel, Joachim and Samsun, Remzi Can and
                      Stolten, Detlef},
      title        = {{T}hermodynamic and ecological preselection of synthetic
                      fuel intermediates from biogas at farm sites},
      journal      = {Energy, Sustainability and Society},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {2192-0567},
      address      = {Heidelberg},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-02884},
      pages        = {123},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {BackgroundSynthetic fuels based on renewable hydrogen and
                      CO2 are a currently highly discussed piece of the puzzle to
                      defossilize the transport sector. In this regard, CO2 can
                      play a positive role in shaping a sustainable future. Large
                      potentials are available as a product of biogas production,
                      however occurring in small scales and in thin spatial
                      distributions. This work aims to evaluate suitable synthetic
                      fuel products to be produced at farm sites.MethodsA
                      thermodynamic analysis to assess the energetic efficiency of
                      synthesis pathways and a qualitative assessment of product
                      handling issues is carried out.ResultsRegarding the
                      technical and safety-related advantages in storage, liquid
                      products are the superior option for fuel production at
                      decentralized sites. Due to the economy of scale,
                      multi-stage synthesis processes lose economic performance
                      with rising complexity. A method was shown which covers a
                      principle sketch of all necessary reaction, separation
                      steps, and all compression and heat exchanger units. The
                      figures showed that methanol and butanol are the most
                      suitable candidates in contrast to OME3-5 for implementation
                      in existing transportation and fuel systems. These results
                      were underpin by a Gibbs energy analysis.ConclusionsAs long
                      as safety regulations are met and the farm can guarantee
                      safe storage and transport, farm-site production for all
                      intermediates can be realized technically. Ultimately, this
                      work points out that the process must be kept as simple as
                      possible, favoring methanol production at farm site and its
                      further processing to more complicated fuels in large units
                      for several fuel pathways.},
      cin          = {IEK-3 / IEK-14},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000511923800001},
      doi          = {10.1186/s13705-019-0238-8},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862615},
}