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@ARTICLE{Zhao:862698,
      author       = {Zhao, Yue and Yoshimura, Kimio and Takamatsu, Harufumi and
                      Hiroki, Akihiro and Kishiyama, Yoshihiro and Shishitani,
                      Hideyuki and Yamaguchi, Susumu and Tanaka, Hirohisa and
                      Koizumi, Satoshi and Radulescu, Aurel and Appavou,
                      Marie-Sousai and Maekawa, Yasunari},
      title        = {{I}midazolium-{B}ased {A}nion {E}xchange {M}embranes for
                      {A}lkaline {A}nion {F}uel {C}ells: {I}nterplay between
                      {M}orphology and {A}nion {T}ransport {B}ehavior},
      journal      = {Journal of the Electrochemical Society},
      volume       = {166},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {1945-7111},
      address      = {Pennington, NJ},
      publisher    = {Electrochemical Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-02949},
      pages        = {F472 - F478},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {We studied anion transport behaviors in grafted anion
                      exchange membranes (AEMs) composed of
                      2-methyl-N-vinylimidazole (Im) and styrene (St) having
                      various Im/St ratios (6/4, 4/6, and 3/7) grafted onto
                      poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene) films (named AEM64,
                      AEM46, and AEM37). The transport properties were evaluated
                      based on the transport efficiency defined as ratios of anion
                      diffusion coefficients in AEMs to dilution solutions (D/D0)
                      and were correlated to the morphology of AEMs analyzed by
                      the small angle scattering method. We found a master curve
                      of D/D0 with hydration for AEM64, regardless of the grafting
                      degree and anion species; however, D/D0 for AEM46 and AEM37
                      was similar with AEM64 at low hydration conditions, but
                      clearly deviated down from it at high hydration conditions.
                      Such difference could be elucidated by the membrane
                      morphology. For AEM64, the conducting phase was homogeneous
                      comprised dispersed ions, and the conductivity correlated
                      well with the increasing hydration. In contrast, when the
                      styrene content increased (i.e., AEM46 and AEM37), the
                      conducting phase changed to heterogeneous with water puddles
                      separated from dispersed ions, and the anion transport was
                      suppressed. Results in this work gave a mechanistic insight
                      in the anion transport properties in proximity of the AEM
                      morphology at various hydration conditions.},
      cin          = {JCNS-FRM-II / JCNS-1 / MLZ},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106 / I:(DE-588b)4597118-3},
      pnm          = {6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron Research (JCNS) (POF3-623)
                      / 6G15 - FRM II / MLZ (POF3-6G15)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G4 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G15},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)External-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000466278400002},
      doi          = {10.1149/2.0431908jes},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862698},
}