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@ARTICLE{Holzhuser:862787,
      author       = {Holzhäuser, F. Joschka and Creusen, Guido and Moos, Gilles
                      and Dahmen, Manuel and König, Andrea and Artz, Jens and
                      Palkovits, Stefan and Palkovits, Regina},
      title        = {{E}lectrochemical cross-coupling of biogenic di-acids for
                      sustainable fuel production},
      journal      = {Green chemistry},
      volume       = {21},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1463-9270},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {RSC},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-03012},
      pages        = {2334 - 2344},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Direct electrocatalytic conversion of bio-derivable acids
                      represents a promising technique for the production of
                      value-added chemicals and tailor-made fuels from
                      lignocellulosic biomass. In the present contribution, we
                      report the electrochemical decarboxylation and
                      cross-coupling of ethyl hydrogen succinate, methyl hydrogen
                      methylsuccinate and methylhexanoic acid with isovaleric
                      acid. The reactions were performed in aqueous solutions or
                      methanol at ambient temperatures, following the principles
                      of green chemistry. High conversions of the starting
                      materials have been obtained with maximum yields between 42
                      and $61\%$ towards the desired branched alkane products.
                      Besides costly Pt electrodes also (RuxTi1−x)O2 on Ti
                      electrodes exhibited a notable activity for cross-Kolbe
                      electrolysis. As some of the products are insoluble in
                      water, easy product isolation and reuse of the reaction
                      solvent is enabled via phase separation. Several side
                      products have been identified to evaluate the efficiency of
                      the reaction and to elucidate the factors influencing the
                      product selectivity. The yielded alkanes and esters were
                      assessed with regard to their potential as fuels for
                      internal combustion engines. While the longer alkanes
                      constitute promising candidates for the
                      compression–ignition engine, the smaller ester represents
                      an interesting option for the spark-ignition engine},
      cin          = {IEK-10},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-10-20170217},
      pnm          = {153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of
                      Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000468627300018},
      doi          = {10.1039/C8GC03745K},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862787},
}