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@ARTICLE{Urbanek:862872,
      author       = {Urbanek, B. and Groß, S. and Wirth, M. and Rolf, Christian
                      and Krämer, Martina and Voigt, Christiane},
      title        = {{H}igh {D}epolarization {R}atios of {N}aturally {O}ccurring
                      {C}irrus {C}louds {N}ear {A}ir {T}raffic {R}egions {O}ver
                      {E}urope},
      journal      = {Geophysical research letters},
      volume       = {45},
      number       = {23},
      issn         = {0094-8276},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-03059},
      pages        = {13,166-13,172},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Cirrus clouds have a large influence on the Earth's climate
                      and anthropogenic activities such as aviation can alter
                      their properties. Besides the formation of contrails,
                      indirect effects on naturally occurring cirrus like
                      increased heterogeneous freezing due to exhaust soot
                      particles are discussed in the literature. However, hardly
                      any observational study exists. In this work we present
                      cirrus optical properties measured by an airborne lidar over
                      Europe during the Midlatitude Cirrus experiment
                      (ML‐CIRRUS). One half of the cloud cases showed elevated
                      depolarization ratios with a mode difference of 10
                      percentage points indicating differences in the clouds
                      microphysical properties. Their origin can be traced back to
                      highly frequented air traffic regions, and they show lower
                      in‐cloud ice supersaturations. Our analysis reveals no
                      influence of embedded contrails and temperature. These
                      results could be explained by an indirect aerosol effect
                      where heterogeneous freezing is caused by aviation exhaust
                      particles.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000454296600058},
      doi          = {10.1029/2018GL079345},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862872},
}