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@ARTICLE{Gillessen:862929,
      author       = {Gillessen, Bastian and Heinrichs, H. and Hake, J.-F. and
                      Allelein, H.-J.},
      title        = {{N}atural gas as a bridge to sustainability:
                      {I}nfrastructure expansion regarding energy security and
                      system transition},
      journal      = {Applied energy},
      volume       = {251},
      issn         = {0306-2619},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-03095},
      pages        = {113377},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Energy security and the transformation of energy systems
                      towards a sustainable energy supply are two central
                      challenges with respect to planning the expansion of gas
                      infrastructure. Taking the gas transmission system in
                      Germany as an example, this work examines how the
                      transformation of energy systems affects energy security in
                      the long term (up to the year 2050) and why this should be
                      taken into account when planning the expansion of
                      transmission networks in the short to medium term. To
                      achieve this, we use energy system modeling to derive
                      scenario based future gas demands and our optimization model
                      GASOPT to solve derived load flow problems. The results show
                      how gas can act as a bridging energy source in the
                      transformation of energy systems from a fossil-based to a
                      renewable energy supply, as it produces comparatively less
                      climate-damaging emissions than coal and oil. However, the
                      gas demand decreases in both the energy transition scenario
                      Energiewende $(−55,0\%$ by 2050 compared to 2015) and the
                      current measures scenario Reference $(−72,1\%),$ leading
                      to an increase in natural-gas-related energy security. This
                      is understood as an interaction between import dependency,
                      security of supply, and affordability. Load flow analyses of
                      the current grid design considering lacking imports or empty
                      gas storages with combined full load operation of gas fired
                      power plants demonstrate the technical feasibility of
                      challenging grid situations in the long term. Further
                      significant transmission grid expansions should therefore be
                      avoided, with freed-up transmission and storage capacity
                      instead being used for other gaseous energy sources such as
                      hydrogen or other gases.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE / IEK-6},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-6-20101013},
      pnm          = {153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of
                      Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000497966300086},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113377},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862929},
}