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@ARTICLE{Liu:863549,
      author       = {Liu, Shuai and Rasinski, Marcin and Rahim, Yasser and
                      Zhang, Shidong and Wippermann, Klaus and Reimer, Uwe and
                      Lehnert, Werner},
      title        = {{I}nfluence of {O}perating {C}onditions on the
                      {D}egradation {M}echanism in {H}igh-{T}emperature {P}olymer
                      {E}lectrolyte {F}uel {C}ells},
      journal      = {Journal of power sources},
      volume       = {439},
      issn         = {0378-7753},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-03588},
      pages        = {227090 -},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The purpose of this study is to compare the degradation
                      phenomena in high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells
                      (HT-PEFCs) under various operating conditions and
                      investigate the degradation mechanism by using accelerated
                      stress tests. Five stressors (i.e., high temperature,
                      thermal cycling, open circuit voltage, high load cycling,
                      and low load cycling) are applied to identical HT-PEFCs and
                      compared to the standard operating condition. Extensive
                      characterizations of the aged HT-PEFCs are then performed
                      using techniques that include focused ion beam/scanning
                      electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma-mass
                      spectrometry, energy dispersive X-ray mapping/line-scan
                      analysis, polarization curves, electrochemical impedance
                      spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The results present a
                      negligible amount of phosphoric acid leaching and notable
                      degradation of the Pt/C catalyst. On the anode side, slight
                      Pt corrosion is only visualized under open circuit
                      conditions, while on the cathode side, evident Pt
                      agglomeration in the catalyst layer and different Pt
                      precipitation behaviors in the membrane are observed under
                      all the conditions. The highest amount of Pt precipitation
                      occurs in the cells held at open circuit voltage and cycled
                      at low loads, which also exhibit the most pronounced
                      performance degradation. In addition, the PA redistribution
                      between the membrane and electrodes contributes to the
                      cells’ resistance and performance differences.},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000494891700021},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227090},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/863549},
}