000863566 001__ 863566 000863566 005__ 20190919112311.0 000863566 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0218779 000863566 037__ $$aFZJ-2019-03605 000863566 082__ $$a610 000863566 1001_ $$00000-0003-1107-7540$$aBeule, Lukas$$b0 000863566 245__ $$aConversion of monoculture cropland and open grassland to agroforestry alters the abundance of soil bacteria, fungi and soil-N-cycling genes 000863566 260__ $$aSan Francisco, California, US$$bPLOS$$c2019 000863566 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000863566 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000863566 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1568884960_22608 000863566 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000863566 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000863566 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000863566 520__ $$aIntegration of trees in agroforestry systems can increase the system sustainability compared to monocultures. The resulting increase in system complexity is likely to affect soil-N cycling by altering soil microbial community structure and functions. Our study aimed to assess the abundance of genes encoding enzymes involved in soil-N cycling in paired monoculture and agroforestry cropland in a Phaeozem soil, and paired open grassland and agroforestry grassland in Histosol and Anthrosol soils. The soil fungi-to-bacteria ratio was greater in the tree row than in the crop or grass rows of the monoculture cropland and open grassland in all soil types, possibly due to increased input of tree residues and the absence of tillage in the Phaeozem (cropland) soil. In the Phaeozem (cropland) soil, gene abundances of amoA indicated a niche differentiation between archaeal and bacterial ammonia oxidizers that distinctly separated the influence of the tree row from the crop row and monoculture system. Abundances of nitrate (napA and narG), nitrite (nirK and nirS) and nitrous oxide reductase genes (nosZ clade I) were largely influenced by soil type rather than management system. The soil types’ effects were associated with their differences in soil organic C, total N and pH. Our findings show that in temperate regions, conversion of monoculture cropland and open grassland to agroforestry systems can alter the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi and soil-N-cycling genes, particularly genes involved in ammonium oxidation. 000863566 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000863566 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aCorre, Marife D.$$b1 000863566 7001_ $$00000-0002-5546-5521$$aSchmidt, Marcus$$b2 000863566 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)178995$$aGöbel, Leonie$$b3$$ufzj 000863566 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aVeldkamp, Edzo$$b4 000863566 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKarlovsky, Petr$$b5 000863566 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2267670-3$$a10.1371/journal.pone.0218779$$gVol. 14, no. 6, p. e0218779 -$$n6$$pe0218779 -$$tPLOS ONE$$v14$$x1932-6203$$y2019 000863566 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:863566$$pextern4vita 000863566 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)178995$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b3$$kFZJ 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bPLOS ONE : 2017 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0310$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bNCBI Molecular Biology Database 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0320$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bPubMed Central 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0501$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ Seal 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bDOAJ : Peer review 000863566 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBYNV$$2V:(DE-HGF)$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY (No Version)$$bDOAJ 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0600$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEbsco Academic Search 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bASC 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bClarivate Analytics Master Journal List 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0111$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1040$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bZoological Record 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1050$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bBIOSIS Previews 000863566 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9900$$2StatID$$aIF < 5 000863566 920__ $$lno 000863566 9801_ $$aEXTERN4VITA 000863566 980__ $$ajournal 000863566 980__ $$aUSER 000863566 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118 000863566 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)ZB-20090406