%0 Journal Article
%A Sefidari, H.
%A Wiinikka, H.
%A Lindblom, B.
%A Nordin, L. O.
%A Wu, G.
%A Yazhenskikh, E.
%A Müller, Michael
%A Ma, C.
%A Öhman, M.
%T Comparison of High-Rank Coals With Respect to Slagging/Deposition Tendency at the Transfer-Chute of Iron-OrePpelletizing Grate-Kiln Plants: A Pilot-Scale Experimental Study Accompanied by Thermochemical Equilibrium Modeling and Viscosity Estimations
%J Fuel processing technology
%V 193
%@ 0378-3820
%C New York, NY [u.a.]
%I Science Direct
%M FZJ-2019-03664
%P 244 - 262
%D 2019
%X Iron-ore pelletizing plants use high-rank coals to supply the heat necessary to process ores. Ash material from coal, in combination with iron-ore dust originating from the disintegration of the pellets, can cause deposition/slagging which often leads to severe production losses and damage. Deposition/slagging is most prominent in the hot areas of the grate-kiln setup and is more severe at the inlet of the rotary-kiln, i.e., the transfer-chute. Following on from our previous work, high-rank bituminous coals with potential for use in the pelletizing process were combusted in a pilot-scale (0.4 MW) pulverized-coal fired experimental combustion furnace (ECF). The fly-ash particles and short-term deposits were characterized to shed light on the observed difference in slagging/deposition tendencies of the coals. Global thermodynamic equilibrium modeling, in combination with viscosity estimates, was used to interpret the experimental findings and investigate the effect of the coal-ash composition upon deposition/slagging. This approach was carried out with and without the presence of Fe2O3-rich pellet-dust under oxidizing conditions within the temperature range at the transfer-chute of iron-ore pelletizing rotary-kilns. Based on the findings, a Qualitative Slagging Indicator (QSI) was proposed that can help pre-screen new solid fuels for potential slagging issues. The proposed QSI highlights the following: (1) an inverse relationship between viscosity and slagging/deposition tendency of the coals was observed (2) as viscosity decreases (either with increasing temperature or due to the change in the coal-ash composition), stronger deposits will form that will complicate the mechanical removal of the deposited layer. It was therefore inferred that low viscosity molten phases facilitate deposition/slagging, which is exacerbated by the presence of fluxing agents (e.g., CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O, and Fe2O3) in the deposits. The low viscosity coal-ash-induced molten phases are also more likely to interact with the Fe2O3-rich pellet-dust that results in further decreases in viscosity, thereby intensifying depositions. The results from this work complement the on-going research by our group to elucidate and alleviate ash-related problems in industrial grate kilns.
%F PUB:(DE-HGF)16
%9 Journal Article
%U <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000473842100026
%R 10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.05.026
%U https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/863658