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@ARTICLE{Schalge:864345,
      author       = {Schalge, Bernd and Haefliger, Vincent and Kollet, Stefan
                      and Simmer, Clemens},
      title        = {{I}mprovement of surface run‐off in the hydrological
                      model {P}ar{F}low by a scale‐consistent river
                      parameterization},
      journal      = {Hydrological processes},
      volume       = {33},
      number       = {14},
      issn         = {1099-1085},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-04141},
      pages        = {2006-2019},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {We propose an improvement of the overland‐flow
                      parameterization in a distributed hydrological model, which
                      uses a constant horizontal grid resolution and employs the
                      kinematic wave approximation for both hillslope and river
                      channel flow. The standard parameterization lacks any
                      channel flow characteristics for rivers, which results in
                      reduced river flow velocities for streams narrower than the
                      horizontal grid resolution. Moreover, the surface areas,
                      through which these wider model rivers may exchange water
                      with the subsurface, are larger than the real river channels
                      potentially leading to unrealistic vertical flows. We
                      propose an approximation of the subscale channel flow by
                      scaling Manning's roughness in the kinematic wave
                      formulation via a relationship between river width and grid
                      cell size, following a simplified version of the Barré de
                      Saint‐Venant equations (Manning–Strickler equations).
                      The too large exchange areas between model rivers and the
                      subsurface are compensated by a grid resolution‐dependent
                      scaling of the infiltration/exfiltration rate across river
                      beds. We test both scaling approaches in the integrated
                      hydrological model ParFlow. An empirical relation is used
                      for estimating the true river width from the mean annual
                      discharge. Our simulations show that the scaling of the
                      roughness coefficient and the hydraulic conductivity
                      effectively corrects overland flow velocities calculated on
                      the coarse grid leading to a better representation of flood
                      waves in the river channels.},
      cin          = {IBG-3 / NIC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118 / I:(DE-Juel1)NIC-20090406},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000477751000006},
      doi          = {10.1002/hyp.13448},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/864345},
}