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@ARTICLE{Braun:864350,
      author       = {Braun, G. and Braun, M. and Kruse, J. and Amelung, W. and
                      Renaud, F. G. and Khoi, C. M. and Duong, M. V. and
                      Sebesvari, Z.},
      title        = {{P}esticides and antibiotics in permanent rice, alternating
                      rice-shrimp and permanent shrimp systems of the coastal
                      {M}ekong {D}elta, {V}ietnam},
      journal      = {Environment international},
      volume       = {127},
      issn         = {0160-4120},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-04146},
      pages        = {442 - 451},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {BackgroundSalinity intrusion into coastal regions is an
                      increasing threat to agricultural production of salt
                      sensitive crops like paddy rice. In the coastal Mekong
                      Delta, farmers respond by shifting to more salinity tolerant
                      agricultural production systems such as alternating
                      rice-shrimp and permanent shrimp. While shrimps are
                      sensitive to pesticide residues used on rice, the use of
                      antibiotics in shrimp farming can cause contamination in
                      rice crops. These patterns of cross-contamination are not
                      well documented empirically in the rapidly changing
                      agricultural landscape.Objective and methodsOur objective
                      was to understand changing pollution patterns induced by
                      shifts in agricultural land use system. We addressed this by
                      i) documenting pesticide and antibiotic use in three
                      different agriculture land use systems (permanent rice,
                      alternating rice-shrimp and permanent shrimp), and by ii)
                      determining residues of pesticides and antibiotics in top
                      soil layers of these three land use systems. Samples were
                      taken in Sóc Trăng and Bến Tre province in the Mekong
                      Delta, Vietnam. Chemical analyses comprised 12 of the most
                      commonly used pesticides in rice paddies and six common
                      antibiotics used in shrimp production.ResultsResults showed
                      that residues of pesticides were present in all agricultural
                      land use systems, including shrimp aquaculture. Active
                      ingredients were mostly fungicides with a maximum
                      concentration of 67 μg kg−1 found for isoprothiolane
                      in permanent rice systems, followed by alternating
                      rice-shrimp and permanent shrimp systems. Furthermore,
                      antibiotics were present ubiquitously, with fluoroquinolones
                      accumulating to larger amounts than sulfonamides and
                      diaminopyrimidines. All concentrations were below critical
                      lethal threshold values.ConclusionOverall, farmers were most
                      conscious of agrochemical use in alternating rice-shrimp
                      systems to prevent harm to shrimps, which was reflected in
                      overall lower concentrations of agrochemicals when compared
                      to rice systems. Thus, alternating rice-shrimp systems
                      present a low risk option in terms of food safety, which may
                      bring additional benefits to this so far rather low-input
                      system in brackish water transition zone.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30959309},
      UT           = {WOS:000467383500044},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.038},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/864350},
}