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000864358 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.11.034
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000864358 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBaumann, Karen$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000864358 245__ $$aBiological soil crusts as key player in biogeochemical P cycling during pedogenesis of sandy substrate
000864358 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2019
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000864358 520__ $$aLittle is known about phosphorus (P) in biological soil crusts (BSCs) and their role in biogeochemical P cycling. The present study evaluated P in BSCs with an array of methodological approaches including sequential P fractionation, solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, synchrotron-based P K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, elemental mapping (μ-XRF) combined with μ-XANES and P-lipid quantification. BSCs (light algal crusts) were collected at seven sites along a sediment weathering gradient in north-eastern Germany (based on feldspar weathering indices) from non-weathered dune sands at the Baltic Sea coast to more strongly weathered Weichselian glacio-fluvial sands near Berlin. The total P (Pt) concentrations of BSCs ranged from 93 to 389 mg kg−1 and were not significantly correlated with the change in feldspar weathering index. While concentrations of stable P (H2SO4-extractable) strongly decreased, labile P (resin- + NaHCO3-extractable P) in BSCs increased with increasing sediment weathering. Based on 31P NMR spectra, 20 to 62% of NaOH-EDTA extracted P was orthophosphate monoesters and 0 to 9% was diesters. For BSCs, P K-edge XANES showed that Ca-P species decreased with increasing weathering. Heterogeneity of the BSCs was exemplarily shown at the micrometre scale by element mapping μ-XRF and μ-XANES, using four 10 × 10 μm spots of a vertical cross-section within a coastal dune BSC. While only the P-lipid class phosphatidic acid (PA) increased with increasing weathering, analyses of BSC phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) revealed decreasing contributions of Gram-positive bacteria with increasing coastal sediment weathering but different taxa were independent of any investigated P parameter. Proportions of lipid-P varied between 0.02 and 0.1% of Pt, indicating a constant share of living biomass in BSCs along the gradient. In conclusion, this multi-method study of P speciation in BSCs showed that these communities play a key role in the biogeochemical P cycle, especially by transforming stable P into labile, easily bioavailable P.
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000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSiebers, Meike$$b1
000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKruse, Jens$$b2
000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aEckhardt, Kai-Uwe$$b3
000864358 7001_ $$00000-0002-7510-9444$$aHu, Yongfeng$$b4
000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMichalik, Dirk$$b5
000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)164361$$aSiebers, Nina$$b6
000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKar, Gourango$$b7
000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKarsten, Ulf$$b8
000864358 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLeinweber, Peter$$b9
000864358 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2001729-7$$a10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.11.034$$gVol. 338, p. 145 - 158$$p145 - 158$$tGeoderma$$v338$$x0016-7061$$y2019
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