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@ARTICLE{Durn:864360,
      author       = {Durán, Paola and Barra, Patricio J. and Jorquera, Milko A.
                      and Viscardi, Sharon and Fernandez, Camila and Paz, Cristian
                      and Mora, María de la Luz and Bol, Roland},
      title        = {{O}ccurrence of {S}oil {F}ungi in {A}ntarctic {P}ristine
                      {E}nvironments},
      journal      = {Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology},
      volume       = {7},
      issn         = {2296-4185},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-04156},
      pages        = {28},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The presence of fungi in pristine Antarctic soils is of
                      particular interest because of the diversity of this
                      microbial group. However, the extreme conditions that
                      coexist in Antarctica produce a strong selective pressure
                      that could lead to the evolution of novel mechanisms for
                      stress tolerance by indigenous microorganisms. For this
                      reason, in recent years, research on cold-adapted
                      microorganisms has increased, driven by their potential
                      value for applications in biotechnology. Cold-adapted fungi,
                      in particular, have become important sources for the
                      discovery of novel bioactive secondary metabolites and
                      enzymes. In this study, we studied the fungal community
                      structure of 12 soil samples from Antarctic sites, including
                      King George Island (including Collins Glacier), Deception
                      Island and Robert Island. Culturable fungi were isolated and
                      described according to their morphological and phenotypical
                      characteristics, and the richness index was compared with
                      soil chemical properties to describe the fungal community
                      and associated environmental parameters. We isolated 54
                      fungal strains belonging to the following 19 genera:
                      Penicillium, Pseudogymnoascus, Lambertella, Cadophora,
                      Candida, Mortierella, Oxygenales, Geomyces, Vishniacozyma,
                      Talaromyces, Rhizopus, Antarctomyces, Cosmospora,
                      Tetracladium, Leptosphaeria, Lecanicillium, Thelebolus,
                      Bjerkandera and an uncultured Zygomycete. The isolated fungi
                      were comprised of $70\%$ Ascomycota, $10\%$ Zygomycota,
                      $10\%$ Basidiomycota, $5\%$ Deuteromycota and $5\%$
                      Mucoromycota, highlighting that most strains were associated
                      with similar genera grown in cold environments. Among the
                      culturable strains, $55\%$ were psychrotrophic and $45\%$
                      were psychrophilic, and most were Ascomycetes occurring in
                      their teleomorph forms. Soils from the Collins Glacier
                      showed less species richness and greater species dominance
                      compared with the rest of the sites, whereas samples 4, 7,
                      and 10 (from Fildes Bay, Coppermine Peninsula and Arctowski
                      Station, respectively) showed greater species richness and
                      less species dominance. Species richness was related to the
                      C/N ratio, whereas species dominance was inversely related
                      to C and N content. Thus, the structure of the fungal
                      community was mainly related to soil chemical parameters
                      more than sample location and altitude.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30899757},
      UT           = {WOS:000461234900001},
      doi          = {10.3389/fbioe.2019.00028},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/864360},
}