000865043 001__ 865043 000865043 005__ 20230711153300.0 000865043 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.21105/joss.01294 000865043 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:64892513 000865043 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/24158 000865043 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:32775955 000865043 037__ $$aFZJ-2019-04605 000865043 041__ $$aEnglish 000865043 082__ $$a004 000865043 1001_ $$00000-0002-6558-5113$$aYarkoni, Tal$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000865043 245__ $$aPyBIDS: Python tools for BIDS datasets 000865043 260__ $$c2019 000865043 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000865043 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000865043 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1582039275_32444 000865043 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000865043 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000865043 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000865043 520__ $$aBrain imaging researchers regularly work with large, heterogeneous, high-dimensional datasets. Historically, researchers have dealt with this complexity idiosyncratically, with every lab or individual implementing their own preprocessing and analysis procedures. The resulting lack of field-wide standards has severely limited reproducibility and data sharing and reuse.To address this problem, we and others recently introduced the Brain Imaging Data Standard (BIDS; (Gorgolewski et al., 2016)), a specification meant to standardize the process of representing brain imaging data. BIDS is deliberately designed with adoption in mind; it adheres to a user-focused philosophy that prioritizes common use cases and discourages complexity. By successfully encouraging a large and ever-growing subset of the community to adopt a common standard for naming and organizing files, BIDS has made it much easier for researchers to share, reuse, and process their data (Gorgolewski et al., 2017).The ability to efficiently develop high-quality spec-compliant applications itself depends to a large extent on the availability of good tooling. Because many operations recur widely across diverse contexts—for example, almost every tool designed to work with BIDS datasets involves regular file-filtering operations—there is a strong incentive to develop utility libraries that provide common functionality via a standardized, simple API.PyBIDS is a Python package that makes it easier to work with BIDS datasets. In principle, its scope includes virtually any functionality that is likely to be of general use when working with BIDS datasets (i.e., that is not specific to one narrow context). At present, its core and most widely used module supports simple and flexible querying and manipulation of BIDS datasets. PyBIDS makes it easy for researchers and developers working in Python to search for BIDS files by keywords and/or metadata; to consolidate and retrieve file-associated metadata spread out across multiple levels of a BIDS hierarchy; to construct BIDS-valid path names for new files; and to validate projects against the BIDS specification, among other applications.In addition to this core functionality, PyBIDS also contains an ever-growing set of modules that support additional capabilities meant to keep up with the evolution and expansion of the BIDS specification itself. Currently, PyBIDS includes tools for (1) reading and manipulating data contained in various BIDS-defined files (e.g., physiological recordings, event files, or participant-level variables); (2) constructing design matrices and contrasts that support the new BIDS-StatsModel specification (for machine-readable representation of fMRI statistical models); and (3) automated generation of partial Methods sections for inclusion in publications.PyBIDS can be easily installed on all platforms via pip (pip install pybids), though currently it is not officially supported on Windows. The package has few dependencies outside of standard Python numerical and image analysis libraries (i.e., numpy, scipy, pandas, and NiBabel). The core API is deliberately kept minimalistic: nearly all interactions with PyBIDS functionality occur through a core BIDSLayout object initialized by passing in a path to a BIDS dataset. For most applications, no custom configuration should be required.Although technically still in alpha release, PyBIDS is already being used both as a dependency in dozens of other open-source brain imaging packages –e.g., fMRIPrep (Esteban et al.,2019), MRIQC (Esteban et al., 2017), datalad-neuroimaging (https://github.com/datalad/datalad-neuroimaging), and fitlins (https://github.com/poldracklab/fitlins) – and directly in many researchers’ custom Python workflows. Development is extremely active, with bug fixes and new features continually being added (https://github.com/bids-standard/pybids), and major releases occurring approximately every 6 months. As of this writing, 29 people have contributed code to PyBIDS, and many more have provided feedback and testing. The API is relatively stable, and documentation and testing standards follow established norms for open-source scientific software. We encourage members of the brain imaging community currently working in Python to try using PyBIDS, and welcome new contributions. 000865043 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-574$$a574 - Theory, modelling and simulation (POF3-574)$$cPOF3-574$$fPOF III$$x0 000865043 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-6533-164X$$aMarkiewicz, Christopher$$b1 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-9062-3778$$ade la Vega, Alejandro$$b2 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0003-3321-7583$$aGorgolewski, Krzysztof$$b3 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-9813-3167$$aSalo, Taylor$$b4 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0003-3456-2493$$aHalchenko, Yaroslav$$b5 000865043 7001_ $$aMcNamara, Quinten$$b6 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-3959-9060$$aDeStasio, Krista$$b7 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-9794-749X$$aPoline, Jean-Baptiste$$b8 000865043 7001_ $$aPetrov, Dmitry$$b9 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-4830-4535$$aHayot-Sasson, Valérie$$b10 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0003-4613-6643$$aNielson, Dylan$$b11 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0003-0933-1239$$aCarlin, Johan$$b12 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-8915-496X$$aKiar, Gregory$$b13 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-8498-4059$$aWhitaker, Kirstie$$b14 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0003-1358-196X$$aDuPre, Elizabeth$$b15 000865043 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)178612$$aWagner, Adina Svenja$$b16 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-9393-8361$$aTirrell, Lee$$b17 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-3199-9027$$aJas, Mainak$$b18 000865043 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)177087$$aHanke, Michael$$b19 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-6755-0259$$aPoldrack, Russell$$b20 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-8435-6191$$aEsteban, Oscar$$b21 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-8002-0877$$aAppelhoff, Stefan$$b22 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-2391-0678$$aHoldgraf, Chris$$b23 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-0795-1154$$aStaden, Isla$$b24 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-5018-7895$$aThirion, Bertrand$$b25 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-7442-2762$$aKleinschmidt, Dave$$b26 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-5884-4247$$aLee, John$$b27 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0001-7931-5272$$adi Castello, Matteo$$b28 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0002-5866-047X$$aNotter, Michael$$b29 000865043 7001_ $$00000-0003-3007-1056$$aBlair, Ross$$b30 000865043 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2891760-1$$a10.21105/joss.01294$$gVol. 4, no. 40, p. 1294 -$$n40$$p1294 -$$tThe journal of open source software$$v4$$x2475-9066$$y2019 000865043 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/865043/files/10.21105.joss.01294.pdf$$yOpenAccess 000865043 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/865043/files/10.21105.joss.01294.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa$$yOpenAccess 000865043 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:865043$$pdnbdelivery$$pdriver$$pVDB$$popen_access$$popenaire 000865043 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0510$$2StatID$$aOpenAccess 000865043 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0501$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ Seal 000865043 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ 000865043 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBY4$$2HGFVOC$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 000865043 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bDOAJ : Open peer review 000865043 9141_ $$y2019 000865043 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)178612$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b16$$kFZJ 000865043 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)177087$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b19$$kFZJ 000865043 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-574$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-570$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-500$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bKey Technologies$$lDecoding the Human Brain$$vTheory, modelling and simulation$$x0 000865043 920__ $$lyes 000865043 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406$$kINM-7$$lGehirn & Verhalten$$x0 000865043 980__ $$ajournal 000865043 980__ $$aVDB 000865043 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406 000865043 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED 000865043 980__ $$aOPENSCIENCE 000865043 9801_ $$aFullTexts