TY  - JOUR
AU  - Chen, Ji
AU  - Patil, Kaustubh R.
AU  - Weis, Susanne
AU  - Sim, Kang
AU  - Nickl-Jockschat, Thomas
AU  - Zhou, Juan
AU  - Aleman, André
AU  - Sommer, Iris E.
AU  - Liemburg, Edith J.
AU  - Hoffstaedter, Felix
AU  - Habel, Ute
AU  - Derntl, Birgit
AU  - Liu, Xiaojin
AU  - Kogler, Lydia
AU  - Regenbogen, Christina
AU  - Diwadkar, Vaibhav A.
AU  - Stanley, Jeffrey A.
AU  - Riedl, Valentin
AU  - Jardri, Renaud
AU  - Gruber, Oliver
AU  - Sotiras, Aristeidis
AU  - Davatzikos, Christos
AU  - Eickhoff, Simon
TI  - Neurobiological divergence of the positive and negative schizophrenia subtypes identified upon a new factor-structure of psychopathology using non-negative factorization: An international machine-learning study
JO  - Biological psychiatry
VL  - 83
IS  - 3
SN  - 0006-3223
CY  - Amsterdam [u.a.]
PB  - Elsevier Science
M1  - FZJ-2019-04803
SP  - 282-293
PY  - 2020
N1  - This study was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, EI 816/4-1), the National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH074457), the Helmholtz Portfolio Theme "Supercomputing and Modeling for the Human Brain", and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No. 720270 (HBP SGA1) and 785907 (HBP SGA2). Ji Chen has received a Ph.D fellowship from the Chinese Scholarship Council. Also, acknowledgment goes to Asadur Chowdury, PhD (Brain Imaging Research Division, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan), who contributed to the early arrangement and communication of the Wayne-State dataset.
AB  - ObjectiveDisentangling psychopathological heterogeneity in schizophrenia is challenging and previous results remain inconclusive. We employed advanced machine-learning to identify a stable and generalizable factorization of the “Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)”, and used it to identify psychopathological subtypes as well as their neurobiological differentiations.MethodsPANSS data from the Pharmacotherapy Monitoring and Outcome Survey cohort (1545 patients, 586 followed up after 1.35±0.70 years) were used for learning the factor-structure by an orthonormal projective non-negative factorization. An international sample, pooled from nine medical centers across Europe, USA, and Asia (490 patients), was used for validation. Patients were clustered into psychopathological subtypes based on the identified factor-structure, and the neurobiological divergence between the subtypes was assessed by classification analysis on functional MRI connectivity patterns.ResultsA four-factor structure representing negative, positive, affective, and cognitive symptoms was identified as the most stable and generalizable representation of psychopathology. It showed higher internal consistency than the original PANSS subscales and previously proposed factor-models. Based on this representation, the positive-negative dichotomy was confirmed as the (only) robust psychopathological subtypes, and these subtypes were longitudinally stable in about 80% of the repeatedly assessed patients. Finally, the individual subtype could be predicted with good accuracy from functional connectivity profiles of the ventro-medial frontal cortex, temporoparietal junction, and precuneus.ConclusionsMachine-learning applied to multi-site data with cross-validation yielded a factorization generalizable across populations and medical systems. Together with subtyping and the demonstrated ability to predict subtype membership from neuroimaging data, this work further disentangles the heterogeneity in schizophrenia.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:31748126
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000505773200013
DO  - DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.08.031
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/865283
ER  -