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@ARTICLE{Benning:865870,
      author       = {Benning, Svenja and Chen, Chunguang and Eichel, Rüdiger-A.
                      and Notten, Peter H. L. and Hausen, Florian},
      title        = {{D}irect {O}bservation of {SEI} {F}ormation and
                      {L}ithiation in {T}hin-{F}ilm {S}ilicon {E}lectrodes via in
                      {S}itu {E}lectrochemical {A}tomic {F}orce {M}icroscopy},
      journal      = {ACS applied energy materials},
      volume       = {2},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {2574-0962},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {ACS Publications},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05156},
      pages        = {6761 - 6767},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Silicon (Si) has been regarded as one of the most promising
                      anode materials to fulfill the growing demand of high
                      performance lithium-ion batteries based on its high specific
                      capacity. However, Si is not yet capable of replacing the
                      widely used graphite anode due to solid–electrolyte
                      interphase (SEI) formation and extreme volume expansion
                      during lithiation. In this work, advanced in situ
                      electrochemical atomic force microscopy has been applied to
                      track simultaneously the topographical evolution and
                      mechanical properties of thin-film polycrystalline Si
                      electrodes during SEI formation and initial lithiation. At
                      first, a uniform flattening of the Si surface has been
                      found, attributed to the SEI formation. This is followed by
                      a nonuniform expansion of the individual particles upon
                      lithiation. The experimental findings allow defining a
                      detailed model describing the SEI layer formation and
                      lithiation process on polycrystalline silicon thin-film
                      electrodes. Our results support further research
                      investigations on this promising material.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131) / HITEC -
                      Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and
                      Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000487770000072},
      doi          = {10.1021/acsaem.9b01222},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/865870},
}