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@ARTICLE{Ruttert:865962,
      author       = {Ruttert, Mirco and Holtstiege, Florian and Hüsker, Jessica
                      and Börner, Markus and Winter, Martin and Placke, Tobias},
      title        = {{H}ydrothermal-derived carbon as a stabilizing matrix for
                      improved cycling performance of silicon-based anodes for
                      lithium-ion full cells},
      journal      = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology},
      volume       = {9},
      issn         = {2190-4286},
      address      = {Frankfurt, M.},
      publisher    = {Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen
                      Wissenschaften},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05228},
      pages        = {2381 - 2395},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {In this work, silicon/carbon composites are synthesized by
                      forming an amorphous carbon matrix around silicon
                      nanoparticles (Si-NPs) in a hydrothermal process. The
                      intention of this material design is to combine the
                      beneficial properties of carbon and Si, i.e., an improved
                      specific/volumetric capacity and capacity retention compared
                      to the single materials when applied as a negative electrode
                      in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This work focuses on the
                      influence of the Si content (up to 20 wt $\%)$ on the
                      electrochemical performance, on the morphology and structure
                      of the composite materials, as well as the resilience of the
                      hydrothermal carbon against the volumetric changes of Si, in
                      order to examine the opportunities and limitations of the
                      applied matrix approach. Compared to a physical mixture of
                      Si-NPs and the pure carbon matrix, the synthesized
                      composites show a strong improvement in long-term cycling
                      performance (capacity retention after 103 cycles: $≈55\%$
                      (20 wt $\%$ Si composite) and $≈75\%$ (10 wt $\%$ Si
                      composite)), indicating that a homogeneous embedding of Si
                      into the amorphous carbon matrix has a highly beneficial
                      effect. The most promising Si/C composite is also studied in
                      a LIB full cell vs a NMC-111 cathode; such a configuration
                      is very seldom reported in the literature. More
                      specifically, the influence of electrochemical prelithiation
                      on the cycling performance in this full cell set-up is
                      studied and compared to non-prelithiated full cells. While
                      prelithiation is able to remarkably enhance the initial
                      capacity of the full cell by ≈18 mAh g−1, this effect
                      diminishes with continued cycling and only a slightly
                      enhanced capacity of ≈5 mAh g−1 is maintained after 150
                      cycles.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30254833},
      UT           = {WOS:000443837000001},
      doi          = {10.3762/bjnano.9.223},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/865962},
}