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@ARTICLE{Rogala:866184,
      author       = {Rogala, M. and Bihlmayer, G. and Dabrowski, P. and
                      Rodenbücher, C. and Wrana, D. and Krok, F. and Klusek, Z.
                      and Szot, K.},
      title        = {{S}elf-reduction of the native {T}i{O}2 (110) surface
                      during cooling after thermal annealing – in-operando
                      investigations},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05355},
      pages        = {12563},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {We investigate the thermal reduction of TiO2 in ultra-high
                      vacuum. Contrary to what is usually assumed, we observe that
                      the maximal surface reduction occurs not during the heating,
                      but during the cooling of the sample back to room
                      temperature. We describe the self-reduction, which occurs as
                      a result of differences in the energies of defect formation
                      in the bulk and surface regions. The findings presented are
                      based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy carried out
                      in-operando during the heating and cooling steps. The
                      presented conclusions, concerning the course of redox
                      processes, are especially important when considering oxides
                      for resistive switching and neuromorphic applications and
                      also when describing the mechanisms related to the basics of
                      operation of solid oxide fuel cells.},
      cin          = {IAS-1 / PGI-1 / PGI-7 / JARA-FIT / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-7-20110106 / $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$ /
                      $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {142 - Controlling Spin-Based Phenomena (POF3-142)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-142},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31467321},
      UT           = {WOS:000483017100042},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-019-48837-3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866184},
}