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@ARTICLE{Borgardt:866250,
      author       = {Borgardt, Elena and Giesenberg, Lennard and Reska, Marc and
                      Müller, Martin and Wippermann, Klaus and Langemann, Manuel
                      and Lehnert, Werner and Stolten, Detlef},
      title        = {{I}mpact of clamping pressure and stress relaxation on the
                      performance of different polymer electrolyte membrane water
                      electrolysis cell designs},
      journal      = {International journal of hydrogen energy},
      volume       = {44},
      number       = {42},
      issn         = {0360-3199},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05416},
      pages        = {23556 - 23567},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {One promising option for storing surplus electricity from
                      renewable energy sources is the conversion of electricity to
                      hydrogen by polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis
                      and the subsequent storage of the hydrogen produced. In
                      order to obtain good contact, the components of an
                      electrolysis cell are compressed at a certain clamping
                      pressure. However, too high of a pressure can have a
                      negative effect on cell performance. This work discusses how
                      clamping pressure affects the cell performance of different
                      PEM electrolysis cell designs. A special test cell is
                      designed that makes it possible to apply pressure directly
                      onto the active area of the cell. Polarization curves are
                      measured at different clamping pressures, while
                      electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is used to show
                      the effect of pressure on performance losses. Above a
                      critical clamping pressure of 2.5 MPa ohmic losses are found
                      to rise. In addition, it is tested as to whether the
                      clamping pressure remains constant over time. The results
                      show that stress relaxation of the catalyst coated membrane
                      (CCM) leads to a pressure loss and thus to a decline in
                      performance. Therefore, not only is it shown that pressure
                      is crucial for cell performance but also, for the first
                      time, a mechanical effect is described as an element of the
                      cell's degradation.},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000486096400003},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.07.075},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866250},
}