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@ARTICLE{Siebers:866556,
      author       = {Siebers, Nina and Hofmann, Diana and Schiedung, Henning and
                      Landsrath, Alexander and Ackermann, Bärbel and Gao, Lu and
                      Mojzeš, Peter and Jablonowski, Nicolai D. and Nedbal,
                      Ladislav and Amelung, Wulf},
      title        = {{T}owards phosphorus recycling for agriculture by algae:
                      {S}oil incubation and rhizotron studies using 33{P}-labeled
                      microalgal biomass},
      journal      = {Algal Research},
      volume       = {43},
      issn         = {2211-9264},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05646},
      pages        = {101634 -},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Algae effectively accumulate phosphorus (P) from the
                      environment, qualifying them as a promising novel P
                      fertilizer. We hypothesized that P in algae can be rapidly
                      transformed in soil and mobilized for plant growth. To
                      determine the fate of algal fertilizer in soil and to trace
                      its efficiency for plant uptake, we labeled the algae
                      Chlorella vulgaris with the radioisotope 33P. To optimize
                      the labeling we studied P-uptake dynamics in detail using a
                      pre-starved culture and additionally monitored polyphosphate
                      (Poly-P) and organic carbon (C) reserve pools by Raman
                      microscopy. Using an optimized labeling procedure, the
                      concentrations and distribution of both algae-derived 33P
                      and mineral fertilizer 33P (control) were characterized in
                      incubation and rhizotron experiments. Soil incubation was
                      performed with four major reference groups (Andosol, Alisol,
                      Cambisol, and Vertisol). To assess 33P plant uptake we grew
                      wheat in rhizotrons on Cambisol. Soil analyses at different
                      incubation times demonstrated sequential 33P fractionation,
                      while plant uptake of algae-derived 33P was followed using
                      sequential autoradiographic imaging. We found that the algae
                      increased labile P pools comprising Resin- and
                      NaHCO3-extractable P in soils during the first 2 weeks of
                      incubation, similar to the effects of NPK fertilizer. The
                      soils with elevated concentrations of Fe- and Al-oxides
                      (Andosol and Alisol) immediately bound 55 to $80\%$ of the
                      applied fertilizer 33P into the moderately available NaOH-P
                      fraction, whereas the soils with lower concentrations of
                      Fe/Al-oxides (Cambisol, Vertisol) stored $35–71\%$ of the
                      algal-P in the labile fraction. The rhizotron experiments
                      visually supported the release and plant-uptake of algal
                      33P, thus verifying the suitability of algal-fertilizer for
                      plant growth.},
      cin          = {IBG-3 / IBG-2},
      ddc          = {580},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118 / I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000489307800033},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.algal.2019.101634},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866556},
}