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@ARTICLE{Zhang:866569,
      author       = {Zhang, Jun and Lenser, Christian and Menzler, Norbert H.
                      and Guillon, Olivier},
      title        = {{C}omparison of solid oxide fuel cell ({SOFC}) electrolyte
                      materials for operation at 500 °{C}},
      journal      = {Solid state ionics},
      volume       = {344},
      issn         = {0167-2738},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05652},
      pages        = {115138 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating at low temperature
                      (~500 °C) enable new fields of application, such as
                      auxiliary power units (APUs) or power generation for mobile
                      applications. However, the state-of-the-art electrolyte
                      material currently used in intermediate-temperature SOFCs
                      (yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)) does not provide
                      sufficiently high ionic conductivity for low temperature
                      applications. When looking for alternatives, the
                      conductivity values for each material found in widely cited
                      literature can be confusing, as the reported values are
                      sometimes in conflict with each other. Therefore, we present
                      a systematic comparison of the conductivity of the three
                      most popular, commercially available electrolyte materials,
                      i.e., YSZ, scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ), and
                      gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC). By using electrochemical
                      impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to characterize the ionic
                      conductivities, we find that at 500 °C, GDC has a higher
                      ionic conductivity (5.8 × 10−3 S cm−1) than
                      ScSZ (2.5 × 10−3 S cm−1) and YSZ
                      (1.1 × 10−3 S cm−1). The properties of the
                      starting powders, powder processing and the microstructure
                      after sintering were considered. This conductivity
                      comparison can be used as a guide when deciding on
                      electrolyte materials for different SOFC applications,
                      especially when the fabrication of different thickness of
                      the electrolyte layer has to be considered and rectify
                      misleading information in the literature.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135) / SOFC - Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
                      (SOFC-20140602)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135 / G:(DE-Juel1)SOFC-20140602},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000509787200011},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ssi.2019.115138},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866569},
}