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@ARTICLE{Lu:866667,
author = {Lu, Keding and Fuchs, Hendrik and Hofzumahaus, Andreas and
Tan, Zhaofeng and Wang, Haichao and Zhang, Lin and Schmitt,
Sebastian H. and Rohrer, Franz and Bohn, Birger and Broch,
Sebastian and Dong, Huabin and Gkatzelis, Georgios I. and
Hohaus, Thorsten and Holland, Frank and Li, Xin and Liu,
Ying and Liu, Yuhan and Ma, Xuefei and Novelli, Anna and
Schlag, Patrick and Shao, Min and Wu, Yusheng and Wu, Zhijun
and Zeng, Limin and Hu, Min and Kiendler-Scharr, Astrid and
Wahner, Andreas and Zhang, Yuanhang},
title = {{F}ast {P}hotochemistry in {W}intertime {H}aze:
{C}onsequences for {P}ollution {M}itigation {S}trategies},
journal = {Environmental science $\&$ technology},
volume = {53},
number = {18},
issn = {1520-5851},
address = {Columbus, Ohio},
publisher = {American Chemical Society},
reportid = {FZJ-2019-05746},
pages = {10676 - 10684},
year = {2019},
abstract = {In contrast to summer smog, the contribution of
photochemistry to the formation of winter haze in northern
mid-to-high latitude is generally assumed to be minor due to
reduced solar UV and water vapor concentrations. Our
comprehensive observations of atmospheric radicals and
relevant parameters during several haze events in winter
2016 Beijing, however, reveal surprisingly high hydroxyl
radical oxidation rates up to 15 ppbv/h, which is comparable
to the high values reported in summer photochemical smog and
is two to three times larger than those determined in
previous observations during winter in Birmingham (Heard et
al. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2004, 31, (18)), Tokyo (Kanaya et
al. J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 2007, 112, (D21)), and New York
(Ren et al. Atmos. Environ. 2006, 40, 252–263). The active
photochemistry facilitates the production of secondary
pollutants. It is mainly initiated by the photolysis of
nitrous acid and ozonolysis of olefins and maintained by an
extremely efficiently radical cycling process driven by
nitric oxide. This boosted radical recycling generates fast
photochemical ozone production rates that are again
comparable to those during summer photochemical smog. The
formation of ozone, however, is currently masked by its
efficient chemical removal by nitrogen oxides contributing
to the high level of wintertime particles. The future
emission regulations, such as the reduction of nitrogen
oxide emissions, therefore are facing the challenge of
reducing haze and avoiding an increase in ozone pollution at
the same time. Efficient control strategies to mitigate
winter haze in Beijing may require measures similar as
implemented to avoid photochemical smog in summer.},
cin = {IEK-8},
ddc = {333.7},
cid = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
pnm = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
transformation processes (POF3-243)},
pid = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
pubmed = {pmid:31418557},
UT = {WOS:000487163000017},
doi = {10.1021/acs.est.9b02422},
url = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866667},
}