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@ARTICLE{Evoy:866828,
      author       = {Evoy, Erin and Maclean, Adrian M. and Rovelli, Grazia and
                      Li, Ying and Tsimpidi, Alexandra P. and Karydis, Vlassis A.
                      and Kamal, Saeid and Lelieveld, Jos and Shiraiwa, Manabu and
                      Reid, Jonathan P. and Bertram, Allan K.},
      title        = {{P}redictions of diffusion rates of large organic molecules
                      in secondary organic aerosols using the
                      {S}tokes–{E}instein and fractional {S}tokes–{E}instein
                      relations},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {19},
      number       = {15},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05891},
      pages        = {10073 - 10085},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Information on the rate of diffusion of organic molecules
                      within secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is needed to
                      accurately predict the effects of SOA on climate and air
                      quality. Diffusion can be important for predicting the
                      growth, evaporation, and reaction rates of SOA under certain
                      atmospheric conditions. Often, researchers have predicted
                      diffusion rates of organic molecules within SOA using
                      measurements of viscosity and the Stokes–Einstein relation
                      (D∝1/η, where D is the diffusion coefficient and η is
                      viscosity). However, the accuracy of this relation for
                      predicting diffusion in SOA remains uncertain. Using
                      rectangular area fluorescence recovery after photobleaching
                      (rFRAP), we determined diffusion coefficients of fluorescent
                      organic molecules over 8 orders in magnitude in proxies of
                      SOA including citric acid, sorbitol, and a sucrose–citric
                      acid mixture. These results were combined with literature
                      data to evaluate the Stokes–Einstein relation for
                      predicting the diffusion of organic molecules in SOA.
                      Although almost all the data agree with the
                      Stokes–Einstein relation within a factor of 10, a
                      fractional Stokes–Einstein relation (D∝1/ηξ) with
                      ξ=0.93 is a better model for predicting the diffusion of
                      organic molecules in the SOA proxies studied. In addition,
                      based on the output from a chemical transport model, the
                      Stokes–Einstein relation can overpredict mixing times of
                      organic molecules within SOA by as much as 1 order of
                      magnitude at an altitude of ∼3 km compared to the
                      fractional Stokes–Einstein relation with ξ=0.93. These
                      results also have implications for other areas such as in
                      food sciences and the preservation of biomolecules.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000480315800006},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-19-10073-2019},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866828},
}