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@ARTICLE{Klingmller:866831,
      author       = {Klingmüller, Klaus and Lelieveld, Jos and Karydis, Vlassis
                      A. and Stenchikov, Georgiy L.},
      title        = {{D}irect radiative effect of dust–pollution interactions},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {19},
      number       = {11},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05894},
      pages        = {7397 - 7408},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The chemical ageing of aeolian dust, through interactions
                      with air pollution, affects the optical and hygroscopic
                      properties of the mineral particles and hence their
                      atmospheric residence time and climate forcing. Conversely,
                      the chemical composition of the dust particles and their
                      role as coagulation partners impact the abundance of
                      particulate air pollution. This results in a change in the
                      aerosol direct radiative effect that we interpret as an
                      anthropogenic radiative forcing associated with mineral
                      dust–pollution interactions. Using the ECHAM/MESSy
                      atmospheric chemistry climate model (EMAC), which combines
                      the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) with the European
                      Centre Hamburg (ECHAM) climate model, including a detailed
                      parametrisation of ageing processes and an emission scheme
                      accounting for the chemical composition of desert soils, we
                      study the direct radiative forcing globally and regionally,
                      considering solar and terrestrial radiation. Our results
                      indicate positive and negative forcings, depending on the
                      region. The predominantly negative forcing at the top of the
                      atmosphere over large parts of the dust belt, from West
                      Africa to East Asia, attains a maximum of about
                      −2 W m−2 south of the Sahel, in contrast to a
                      positive forcing over India. Globally averaged, these
                      forcings partially counterbalance, resulting in a net
                      negative forcing of −0.05 W m−2, which nevertheless
                      represents a considerable fraction $(40 \%)$ of the total
                      dust forcing.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000470323500006},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-19-7397-2019},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866831},
}