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@ARTICLE{Ma:866832,
      author       = {Ma, Jianzhong and Brühl, Christoph and He, Qianshan and
                      Steil, Benedikt and Karydis, Vlassis A. and Klingmüller,
                      Klaus and Tost, Holger and Chen, Bin and Jin, Yufang and
                      Liu, Ningwei and Xu, Xiangde and Yan, Peng and Zhou, Xiuji
                      and Abdelrahman, Kamal and Pozzer, Andrea and Lelieveld,
                      Jos},
      title        = {{M}odeling the aerosol chemical composition of the
                      tropopause over the {T}ibetan {P}lateau during the {A}sian
                      summer monsoon},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {19},
      number       = {17},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-05895},
      pages        = {11587 - 11612},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Enhanced aerosol abundance in the upper troposphere and
                      lower stratosphere (UTLS) associated with the Asian summer
                      monsoon (ASM) is referred to as the Asian Tropopause Aerosol
                      Layer (ATAL). The chemical composition, microphysical
                      properties, and climate effects of aerosols in the ATAL have
                      been the subject of discussion over the past decade. In this
                      work, we use the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC)
                      general circulation model at a relatively fine grid
                      resolution (about 1.1×1.1∘) to numerically simulate the
                      emissions, chemistry, and transport of aerosols and their
                      precursors in the UTLS within the ASM anticyclone during the
                      years 2010–2012. We find a pronounced maximum of aerosol
                      extinction in the UTLS over the Tibetan Plateau, which to a
                      large extent is caused by mineral dust emitted from the
                      northern Tibetan Plateau and slope areas, lofted to an
                      altitude of at least 10 km, and accumulating within the
                      anticyclonic circulation. We also find that the emissions
                      and convection of ammonia in the central main body of the
                      Tibetan Plateau make a great contribution to the enhancement
                      of gas-phase NH3 in the UTLS over the Tibetan Plateau and
                      ASM anticyclone region. Our simulations show that mineral
                      dust, water-soluble compounds, such as nitrate and sulfate,
                      and associated liquid water dominate aerosol extinction in
                      the UTLS within the ASM anticyclone. Due to shielding of
                      high background sulfate concentrations outside the
                      anticyclone from volcanoes, a relative minimum of aerosol
                      extinction within the anticyclone in the lower stratosphere
                      is simulated, being most pronounced in 2011, when the Nabro
                      eruption occurred. In contrast to mineral dust and nitrate
                      concentrations, sulfate increases with increasing altitude
                      due to the larger volcano effects in the lower stratosphere
                      compared to the upper troposphere. Our study indicates that
                      the UTLS over the Tibetan Plateau can act as a well-defined
                      conduit for natural and anthropogenic gases and aerosols
                      into the stratosphere.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000485741000002},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-19-11587-2019},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/866832},
}