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@ARTICLE{Roth:867794,
      author       = {Roth, Marco and Hassler, Fabian and DiVincenzo, David},
      title        = {{O}ptimal gauge for the multimode {R}abi model in circuit
                      {QED}},
      journal      = {Physical review research},
      volume       = {1},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {2643-1564},
      address      = {College Park, MD},
      publisher    = {APS},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-06404},
      pages        = {033128},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {In circuit QED, a Rabi model can be derived by truncating
                      the Hilbert space of an anharmonic qubit coupled to a
                      resonator. This truncation breaks the gauge invariance
                      present in the full Hamiltonian. Here we derive a simple
                      criterion for an optimal gauge such that the differences
                      between the truncated and the full Hamiltonian are
                      minimized. We find that it is determined by the ratio of the
                      anharmonicity of the qubit to an averaged resonator
                      frequency. We demonstrate that the usual choices of flux and
                      charge gauge are not necessarily the preferred options in
                      the case of multiple resonator modes.},
      cin          = {PGI-2 / PGI-11},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-2-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-11-20170113},
      pnm          = {144 - Controlling Collective States (POF3-144)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-144},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000600646900004},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.033128},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/867794},
}