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@ARTICLE{Greuel:872731,
      author       = {Greuel, Andrea and Pauls, K. Amande M. and Koy, Anne and
                      Südmeyer, Martin and Schnitzler, Alfons and Timmermann,
                      Lars and Fink, Gereon R. and Eggers, Carsten},
      title        = {{P}allidal {D}eep {B}rain {S}timulation {R}educes
                      {S}ensorimotor {C}ortex {A}ctivation in {F}ocal/{S}egmental
                      {D}ystonia},
      journal      = {Movement disorders},
      volume       = {35},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1531-8257},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-00209},
      pages        = {629-639},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {BackgroundAlthough deep brain stimulation of the globus
                      pallidus internus (GPi‐DBS) is an established treatment
                      for many forms of dystonia, including generalized as well as
                      focal forms, its effects on brain (dys‐)function remain to
                      be elucidated, particularly for focal and segmental
                      dystonia. Clinical response to GPi‐DBS typically comes
                      with some delay and lasts up to several days, sometimes even
                      weeks, once stimulation is discontinued.ObjectiveThis study
                      investigated how neural activity during rest and motor
                      activation is affected by GPi‐DBS while excluding the
                      potential confound of altered feedback as a result of
                      therapy‐induced differences in dystonic muscle
                      contractions.MethodsTwo groups of patients with focal or
                      segmental dystonia were included in the study: 6 patients
                      with GPi‐DBS and 8 without DBS (control group). All 14
                      patients had cervical dystonia. Using H215O PET, regional
                      cerebral blood flow was measured at rest and during a motor
                      task performed with a nondystonic hand.ResultsIn patients
                      with GPi‐DBS (stimulation ON and OFF), activity at rest
                      was reduced in a prefrontal network, and during the motor
                      task, sensorimotor cortex activity was lower than in
                      patients without DBS. Within‐group contrasts (tapping >
                      rest) showed less extensive task‐induced motor network
                      activation in GPi‐DBS patients than in non‐DBS controls.
                      Reduced sensorimotor activation amounted to a significant
                      group‐by‐task interaction only in the stimulation ON
                      state.ConclusionsThese findings support previous
                      observations in generalized dystonia that suggested that
                      GPi‐DBS normalizes dystonia‐associated sensorimotor and
                      prefrontal hyperactivity, indicating similar mechanisms in
                      generalized and focal or segmental dystonia. Evidence is
                      provided that these effects extend into the OFF state, which
                      was not previously demonstrated by neuroimaging. © 2020 The
                      Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals,
                      Inc. on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement
                      Disorder Society.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31922299},
      UT           = {WOS:000527001000013},
      doi          = {10.1002/mds.27970},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/872731},
}