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@ARTICLE{He:872864,
      author       = {He, Xuan and Wedekind, Franziska and Kroll, Tina and
                      Oskamp, Angela and Beer, Simone and Drzezga, Alexander and
                      Ermert, Johannes and Neumaier, Bernd and Bauer, Andreas and
                      Elmenhorst, David},
      title        = {{I}mage-{D}erived {I}nput {F}unctions for {Q}uantification
                      of {A}1 {A}denosine {R}eceptors {A}vailability in {M}ice
                      {B}rains {U}sing {PET} and [18{F}]{CPFPX}},
      journal      = {Frontiers in physiology},
      volume       = {10},
      issn         = {1664-042X},
      address      = {Lausanne},
      publisher    = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-00330},
      pages        = {1617},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {In vivo imaging for the A1 adenosine receptors (A1ARs) with
                      positron emission tomography (PET) using
                      8-cyclopentyl-3-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-1-propylxanthine
                      ([18F]CPFPX) has become an important tool for studying
                      physiologic processes quantitatively in mice. However, the
                      measurement of arterial input functions (AIFs) on mice is a
                      method with restricted applicability because of the small
                      total blood volume and the related difficulties in
                      withdrawing blood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to
                      extract an appropriate [18F]CPFPX image-derived input
                      function (IDIF) from dynamic PET images of mice.In this
                      study five mice were scanned with [18F]CPFPX for 60 min.
                      Arterial blood samples (n=7 per animal) were collected from
                      the femoral artery and corrected for metabolites. To
                      generate IDIFs, three different approaches were selected:
                      (A) volume of interest (VOI) placed over the heart (cube,
                      10mm); (B) VOI set over abdominal vena cava/aorta region
                      with a cuboid (5 × 5 × 15mm); and (C) with 1 × 1 × 1mm
                      voxels on 5 consecutive slices. A calculated scaling factor
                      (α) was used to correct for partial volume effect, the
                      method of obtaining the total metabolite correction of
                      [18F]CPFPX for IDIFs was developed. Three IDIFs were
                      validated by comparison with AIF. Validation included:
                      visual performance; computing area under the curve (AUC)
                      ratios (IDIF / AIF) of whole-blood curves and parent curves;
                      in addition, the mean distribution volume (VT) ratios (IDIF
                      / AIF) of A1ARs calculated by Logan plot and two-tissue
                      compartment model (2TCM).Compared with the AIF, the IDIF
                      with VOI over heart showed the best performance among the
                      three IDIFs after scaling by 1.77 (α) in terms of visual
                      analysis, AUC ratios (IDIF / AIF, whole-blood AUC ratio 1.03
                      ± 0.06, parent curve AUC ratio 1.01 ± 0.10) and VT ratios
                      (IDIF / AIF; Logan VT ratio 1.00 ± 0.17, 2TCM VT ratio 1.00
                      ± 0.13) evaluation. The A1ARs distribution of average
                      parametric images was in good accordance to autoradiography
                      of the same mice brains.The proposed study provides evidence
                      that IDIF with VOI over heart can replace AIF effectively
                      for quantification of A1ARs by using PET and [18F]CPFPX in
                      mice brains.},
      cin          = {INM-2 / INM-5},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-2-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-5-20090406},
      pnm          = {573 - Neuroimaging (POF3-573)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-573},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32063864},
      UT           = {WOS:000514299600001},
      doi          = {10.3389/fphys.2019.01617},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/872864},
}