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@INPROCEEDINGS{Graf:873120,
      author       = {Graf, Alexander and Klosterhalfen, Anne and Vereecken,
                      Harry and Team, The EC2018 Analysis},
      title        = {{W}ater and climate feedbacks of common {E}uropean land use
                      types under warm and dry conditions 2018},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-00568},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The year 2018 was characterized by less precipitation,
                      higher potential evapotranspiration, and a larger sum of
                      growing degree days than usual over large regions of Europe.
                      This provides an opportunity to study the feedbacks to
                      expect more frequently under a changing future climate from
                      a landscape originally equilibrated to cooler and wetter
                      conditions. We here focus on feedbacks related to ecosystem
                      services such as atmospheric heating or cooling, CO2 uptake,
                      and freshwater production. The network of eddy-covariance
                      stations promoted by initiatives like ICOS (www.icos-re.eu)
                      and TERENO (www.tereno.net) is now dense enough to compare
                      these feedbacks between 2018 and previous years. The network
                      spans different locations in Europe that are affected by
                      varying drought intensities and have different land uses
                      such as forest, grassland, crop and wetland. Analysis of
                      these data shows that the sensible heat flux (heating of the
                      atmosphere by the surface) was consistently and considerably
                      larger than usual across the drought-affected sites. Net
                      ecosystem productivity (CO2 uptake) was considerably reduced
                      on average, but not consistently across all drought-affected
                      sites, and latent heat flux (evapotranspiration) was reduced
                      only slightly on average, with a large variability of both
                      positive and negative changes depending on site. Typical
                      factors enhancing the preservation or even increase of
                      evapotranspiration and productivity, included a usually cool
                      and wet climate, a large reservoir of stored soil or surface
                      water, and perennial vegetation. In contrast, water-limited
                      sites or sites characterized by early harvest of crops in
                      2018 and a bare soil afterwards, tended to show strong
                      reductions in evapotranspiration and productivity. Despite
                      the opposing changes in absolute evapotranspiration, the
                      fraction of precipitation used for evapotranspiration
                      increased clearly across drought-affected sites. Based on
                      these findings and evidence from cropped sites with and
                      without the application of catch crops after harvest, we
                      discuss the potential of land management to modulate
                      ecosystem service responses to increased temperatures and
                      drought and the resulting trade-offs: Maintaining an active
                      plant canopy and thus evapotranspiration mitigates
                      atmospheric warming both locally through smaller sensible
                      heat fluxes and globally through preservation of CO2 uptake.
                      However, this comes at the cost of reduced groundwater
                      recharge and surface water discharge.},
      month         = {Nov},
      date          = {2019-11-27},
      organization  = {SAGES'19 Global Climate Challenges for
                       a Blue Green Economy: Scientific
                       evidence; Its relevance; Societal
                       solutions., Edinburgh (Great Britain),
                       27 Nov 2019 - 28 Nov 2019},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255) / IDAS-GHG - Instrumental and Data-driven
                      Approaches to Source-Partitioning of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes:
                      Comparison, Combination, Advancement (BMBF-01LN1313A)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255 / G:(DE-Juel1)BMBF-01LN1313A},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/873120},
}