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@ARTICLE{Tiwari:873541,
      author       = {Tiwari, Avinash and Miyashita, N. and Persson, Bo},
      title        = {{R}olling friction of elastomers: role of strain softening},
      journal      = {Soft matter},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {45},
      issn         = {1744-6848},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Royal Soc. of Chemistry},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-00809},
      pages        = {9233 - 9243},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {We study the temperature and velocity dependency of rolling
                      friction. Steel and PMMA cylinders are rolled on sheets of
                      nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), with and without filler, and
                      fluoroelastomer (FKM) with filler. Measurements of the
                      rolling friction are performed for temperatures between
                      −40 °C and 20 °C, and for velocities between 5 μm s−1
                      and 0.5 cm s−1. For the unfilled NBR, a smooth rolling
                      friction master curve is obtained using the bulk
                      viscoelastic frequency–temperature shift factor aT. For
                      the filled rubber compounds, a small deviation from the bulk
                      viscoelastic shift factor is observed at low temperatures.
                      The experimental data are analyzed using an analytical
                      theory of rolling friction. For the filled compounds, good
                      agreement with theory is obtained when strain softening is
                      included, which increases the rolling friction by a factor
                      ∼2 for the filled FKM and ∼3 for the filled NBR
                      compounds. For the unfilled NBR, the maximum of the rolling
                      friction occurs at higher sliding speeds than predicted by
                      the theory. We discuss the role of the adhesive
                      (crack-opening) contribution to the rolling friction, and
                      the role of frozen-in elastic deformations as the rubber is
                      cooled down below the rubber glass transition temperature.},
      cin          = {IAS-1 / PGI-1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106},
      pnm          = {141 - Controlling Electron Charge-Based Phenomena
                      (POF3-141)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-141},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31651922},
      UT           = {WOS:000502302700004},
      doi          = {10.1039/C9SM01764J},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/873541},
}