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@ARTICLE{Willenberg:873694,
      author       = {Willenberg, Lisa K. and Dechent, Philipp and Fuchs, Georg
                      and Sauer, Dirk Uwe and Figgemeier, Egbert},
      title        = {{H}igh-{P}recision {M}onitoring of {V}olume {C}hange of
                      {C}ommercial {L}ithium-{I}on {B}atteries by {U}sing {S}train
                      {G}auges},
      journal      = {Sustainability},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {2071-1050},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-00917},
      pages        = {557 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {This paper proposes a testing method that allows the
                      monitoring of the development of volume expansion of
                      lithium-ion batteries. The overall goal is to demonstrate
                      the impact of the volume expansion on battery ageing. The
                      following findings are achieved: First, the characteristic
                      curve shape of the diameter change depended on the
                      state-of-charge and the load direction of the battery. The
                      characteristic curve shape consisted of three areas. Second,
                      the characteristic curve shape of the diameter change
                      changed over ageing. Whereas the state-of-charge dependent
                      geometric alterations were of a reversible nature. An
                      irreversible effect over the lifetime of the cell was
                      observed. Third, an s-shaped course of the diameter change
                      indicated two different ageing effects that led to the
                      diameter change variation. Both reversible and irreversible
                      expansion increased with ageing. Fourth, a direct
                      correlation between the diameter change and the capacity
                      loss of this particular lithium-ion battery was observed.
                      Fifth, computer tomography (CT) measurements showed
                      deformation of the jelly roll and post-mortem analysis
                      showed the formation of a covering layer and the increase in
                      the thickness of the anode. Sixth, reproducibility and
                      temperature stability of the strain gauges were shown.
                      Overall, this paper provides the basis for a stable and
                      reproducible method for volume expansion analysis applied
                      and established by the investigation of a state-of-the-art
                      lithium-ion battery cell. This enables the study of volume
                      expansion and its impact on capacity and cell death},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000516824600115},
      doi          = {10.3390/su12020557},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/873694},
}