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@ARTICLE{Jehnichen:873709,
      author       = {Jehnichen, Philipp and Korte, Carsten},
      title        = {{O}perando {R}aman {S}pectroscopy {M}easurements of a
                      {H}igh-{V}oltage {C}athode {M}aterial for {L}ithium-{I}on
                      {B}atteries},
      journal      = {Analytical chemistry},
      volume       = {91},
      number       = {13},
      issn         = {1520-6882},
      address      = {Columbus, Ohio},
      publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-00932},
      pages        = {8054 - 8061},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {As a high-voltage spinel, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) is a
                      promising candidate for high energy density cathodes in
                      lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). The material has not yet
                      achieved any commercial success, as there remain problems
                      with capacity fade after extended charge and discharge
                      cycling. In order to enable improvements, it is necessary to
                      understand the fundamental underlying processes in the
                      material. In this experimental study, we present operando
                      Raman measurements to investigate the potential-resolved
                      structural evolution of ordered LNMO as a cathode material
                      during the charging and discharging process. Using the
                      method of Raman spectroscopy, only two phases can be
                      unequivocally distinguished in the case of ordered LNMO,
                      namely, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and Ni0.5Mn1.5O4 (NMO). The
                      half-delithiated phase, Li0.5Ni0.5Mn1.5O4, cannot be
                      discriminated by using this spectroscopic method. The
                      dynamics of the phase changes between LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and
                      Ni0.5Mn1.5O4 differ for lithiation and delithiation.
                      Long-term operando Raman measurements of half-cells prove
                      that a decomposition of the solvent takes place and that the
                      conductive salt LiPF6 is consumed, i.e., the concentration
                      of PF6– is strongly decreasing. The solvent component
                      ethylene carbonate (EC) is preferentially decomposed during
                      the cycling process, and byproducts such as esters and
                      alcohols can be detected.},
      cin          = {IEK-14},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131) / PhD no Grant -
                      Doktorand ohne besondere Förderung (PHD-NO-GRANT-20170405)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131 / G:(DE-Juel1)PHD-NO-GRANT-20170405},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:31203614},
      UT           = {WOS:000474477900013},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05819},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/873709},
}