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@ARTICLE{Qiu:873871,
      author       = {Qiu, Diankai and Janßen, Holger and Peng, Linfa and
                      Irmscher, Philipp and Lai, Xinmin and Lehnert, Werner},
      title        = {{E}lectrical resistance and microstructure of typical gas
                      diffusion layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cell
                      under compression},
      journal      = {Applied energy},
      volume       = {231},
      issn         = {0306-2619},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-01063},
      pages        = {127 - 137},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Electrical resistance accounts for a significant part of
                      the performance loss in proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
                      To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work
                      represents the first direct experimental investigation and
                      comparison of the bulk resistance and microstructure of
                      commercially available gas diffusion layers, carbon paper,
                      carbon cloth and carbon felt, under cyclic and steady loads,
                      which are typical compression conditions in the fuel cell.
                      It was found that with the improvement of contact
                      conductivity between gas diffusion layer and bipolar plate,
                      the bulk resistance of gas diffusion layer accounts for as
                      much as $20\%$ of the resistance in the fuel cell,
                      especially when the assembly pressure is high enough.
                      Experimental results indicate that three kinds of gas
                      diffusion layers show various electrical behaviors under
                      compression due to their different fiber structures. For
                      carbon paper, the resistance displays a gradual decline as
                      the load cycles increases. A reduction in the resistance and
                      obvious fiber cracks are observed when the compression
                      pressure exceeds the “break stress” of 2.0 MPa. For
                      woven carbon cloth, more uniform decline of the resistance
                      is caused by the increasing fiber cracks, which are pulled
                      and bent in the middle of a weave. Although felt gas
                      diffusion layer features the lowest electrical conductivity,
                      its tortuous and thick fibers lead to higher stability in
                      electric resistance and microstructure than bonded carbon
                      paper and woven carbon cloth. This study is helpful for
                      enhancing our understanding of the relationship between
                      electrical resistance and compression loads in the fuel cell
                      with various gas diffusion layers.},
      cin          = {IEK-14 / IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-14-20191129 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000452345400012},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.09.117},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/873871},
}