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@ARTICLE{Voegele:874261,
      author       = {Voegele, Stefan and Grajewski, Matthias and Govorukha,
                      Kristina and Rübbelke, Dirk},
      title        = {{C}hallenges for the {E}uropean steel industry: {A}nalysis,
                      possible consequences and impacts on sustainable
                      development},
      journal      = {Applied energy},
      volume       = {264},
      issn         = {0306-2619},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-01352},
      pages        = {114633 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {The steel industry in the European Union (EU), important
                      for the economy as a whole, faces various challenges. These
                      are inter alia volatile prices for relevant input factors,
                      uncertainties concerning the regulation of CO2-emissions and
                      market shocks caused by the recently introduced additional
                      import duties in the US, which is an important sales market.
                      We examine primary and secondary effects of these challenges
                      on the steel industry in the EU and their impacts on
                      European and global level. Developing and using a suitable
                      meta-model, we analyze the competitiveness of key steel
                      producing countries with respect to floor prices depending
                      on selected cost factors and draw conclusions on the impacts
                      in the trade of steel on emissions, energy demand, on the
                      involvement of developing countries in the value chain as
                      well on the need for innovations to avoid relocations of
                      production. Hence, our study contributes to the assessment
                      of sustainable industrial development, which are aimed by
                      the Sustainability Development Goal “Build resilient
                      infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable
                      industrialization and foster innovation countries”. By
                      applying information on country-specific Human Development
                      (reflecting aspects of life expectancy, education, and per
                      capita income), we show that relocating energy-intensive
                      industries from the EU may not only increase global energy
                      demand and CO2-emissions, but may also be to the
                      disadvantage of developing countries},
      cin          = {IEK-STE},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013},
      pnm          = {153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of
                      Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000519517700016},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.114633},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/874261},
}