% IMPORTANT: The following is UTF-8 encoded.  This means that in the presence
% of non-ASCII characters, it will not work with BibTeX 0.99 or older.
% Instead, you should use an up-to-date BibTeX implementation like “bibtex8” or
% “biber”.

@ARTICLE{Nenning:874699,
      author       = {Nenning, Andreas and Bischof, Cornelia and Fleig, Jürgen
                      and Bram, Martin and Opitz, Alexander K.},
      title        = {{T}he {R}elation of {M}icrostructure, {M}aterials
                      {P}roperties and {I}mpedance of {SOFC} {E}lectrodes: {A}
                      {C}ase {S}tudy of {N}i/{GDC} {A}nodes},
      journal      = {Energies},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1996-1073},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-01614},
      pages        = {987 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Detailed insight into electrochemical reaction mechanisms
                      and rate limiting steps is crucial for targeted optimization
                      of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes, especially for
                      new materials and processing techniques, such as Ni/Gd-doped
                      ceria (GDC) cermet anodes in metal-supported cells. Here, we
                      present a comprehensive model that describes the impedance
                      of porous cermet electrodes according to a transmission line
                      circuit. We exemplify the validity of the model on
                      electrolyte-supported symmetrical model cells with two equal
                      Ni/Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-δ anodes. These anodes exhibit a
                      remarkably low polarization resistance of less than 0.1
                      Ωcm2 at 750 °C and OCV, and metal-supported cells with
                      equally prepared anodes achieve excellent power density of
                      >2 W/cm2 at 700 °C. With the transmission line impedance
                      model, it is possible to separate and quantify the
                      individual contributions to the polarization resistance,
                      such as oxygen ion transport across the YSZ-GDC interface,
                      ionic conductivity within the porous anode, oxygen exchange
                      at the GDC surface and gas phase diffusion. Furthermore, we
                      show that the fitted parameters consistently scale with
                      variation of electrode geometry, temperature and atmosphere.
                      Since the fitted parameters are representative for materials
                      properties, we can also relate our results to model studies
                      on the ion conductivity, oxygen stoichiometry and surface
                      catalytic properties of Gd-doped ceria and obtain very good
                      quantitative agreement. With this detailed insight into
                      reaction mechanisms, we can explain the excellent
                      performance of the anode as a combination of materials
                      properties of GDC and the unusual microstructure that is a
                      consequence of the reductive sintering procedure, which is
                      required for anodes in metal-supported cells.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000522492700215},
      doi          = {10.3390/en13040987},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/874699},
}