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@ARTICLE{Yu:874921,
      author       = {Yu, Yi and Klotzsche, Anja and Weihermüller, Lutz and
                      Huisman, Johan Alexander and Vanderborght, Jan and
                      Vereecken, Harry and van der Kruk, Jan},
      title        = {{M}easuring vertical soil water content profiles by
                      combining horizontal borehole and dispersive surface ground
                      penetrating radar data},
      journal      = {Near surface geophysics},
      volume       = {18},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1873-0604},
      address      = {Houten},
      publisher    = {EAGE},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-01705},
      pages        = {275-294},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {To investigate transient dynamics of soil water
                      redistribution during infiltration, we conducted horizontal
                      borehole and surface ground penetrating radar measurements
                      during a 4‐day infiltration experiment at the rhizontron
                      facility in Selhausen, Germany. Zero‐offset ground
                      penetrating radar profiling in horizontal boreholes was used
                      to obtain soil water content information at specific depths
                      (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.2 m). However, horizontal borehole
                      ground penetrating radar measurements do not provide
                      accurate soil water content estimates of the top soil
                      (0–0.1 m depth) because of interference between direct and
                      critically refracted waves. Therefore, surface ground
                      penetrating radar data were additionally acquired to
                      estimate soil water content of the top soil. Due to the
                      generation of electromagnetic waveguides in the top soil
                      caused by infiltration, a strong dispersion in the ground
                      penetrating radar data was observed in 500 MHz surface
                      ground penetrating radar data. A dispersion inversion was
                      thus performed with these surface ground penetrating radar
                      data to obtain soil water content information for the top
                      0.1 m of the soil. By combining the complementary borehole
                      and surface ground penetrating radar data, vertical soil
                      water content profiles were obtained, which were used to
                      investigate vertical soil water redistribution. Reasonable
                      consistency was found between the ground penetrating radar
                      results and independent soil water content data derived from
                      time domain reflectometry measurements. Because of the
                      improved spatial representativeness of the ground
                      penetrating radar measurements, the soil water content
                      profiles obtained by ground penetrating radar better matched
                      the known water storage changes during the infiltration
                      experiment. It was concluded that the combined use of
                      borehole and surface ground penetrating radar data
                      convincingly revealed spatiotemporal soil water content
                      variation during infiltration. In addition, this setup
                      allowed a better quantification of water storage, which is a
                      prerequisite for future applications, where, for example,
                      the soil hydraulic properties will be estimated from ground
                      penetrating radar data.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255) / DFG project 15232683 - TRR 32: Muster und
                      Strukturen in Boden-Pflanzen-Atmosphären-Systemen:
                      Erfassung, Modellierung und Datenassimilation},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255 / G:(GEPRIS)15232683},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000525279500001},
      doi          = {10.1002/nsg.12099},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/874921},
}