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@ARTICLE{Viswanathan:875294,
      author       = {Viswanathan, Shivakumar and Abdollahi, Rouhollah O. and
                      Wang, Bin A. and Grefkes, Christian and Fink, Gereon Rudolf
                      and Daun, Silvia},
      title        = {{A} response-locking protocol to boost sensitivity for
                      f{MRI}-based neurochronometry},
      journal      = {Human brain mapping},
      volume       = {4},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {1065-9471},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Liss},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-01925},
      pages        = {3420-3438},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {The timeline of brain‐wide neural activity relative to a
                      behavioral event is crucial when decoding the neural
                      implementation of a cognitive process. Yet, fMRI assesses
                      neural processes indirectly via delayed and regionally
                      variable hemodynamics. This method‐inherent temporal
                      distortion impacts the interpretation of behavior‐linked
                      neural timing. Here we describe a novel behavioral protocol
                      that aims at disentangling the BOLD dynamics of the pre‐
                      and post‐response periods in response time tasks. We
                      tested this response‐locking protocol in a perceptual
                      decision‐making (random dot) task. Increasing perceptual
                      difficulty produced expected activity increases over a broad
                      network involving the lateral/medial prefrontal cortex and
                      the anterior insula. However, response‐locking revealed a
                      previously unreported functional dissociation within this
                      network. preSMA and anterior premotor cortex (prePMV) showed
                      post‐response activity modulations while anterior insula
                      and anterior cingulate cortex did not. Furthermore,
                      post‐response BOLD activity at preSMA showed a modulation
                      in timing but not amplitude while this pattern was reversed
                      at prePMV. These timeline dissociations with
                      response‐locking thus revealed three functionally distinct
                      sub‐networks in what was seemingly one shared distributed
                      network modulated by perceptual difficulty. These findings
                      suggest that our novel response‐locked protocol could
                      boost the timing‐related sensitivity of fMRI.},
      cin          = {INM-3},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32385973},
      UT           = {WOS:000531063700001},
      doi          = {10.1002/hbm.25026},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/875294},
}