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@ARTICLE{Lee:875352,
      author       = {Lee, Minoh and Turan, Bugra and Becker, Jan‐Philipp and
                      Welter, Katharina and Klingebiel, Benjamin and Neumann,
                      Elmar and Sohn, Yoo Jung and Merdzhanova, Tsvetelina and
                      Kirchartz, Thomas and Finger, Friedhelm and Rau, Uwe and
                      Haas, Stefan},
      title        = {{A} {B}ias‐{F}ree, {S}tand‐{A}lone, and {S}calable
                      {P}hotovoltaic–{E}lectrochemical {D}evice for {S}olar
                      {H}ydrogen {P}roduction},
      journal      = {Advanced sustainable systems},
      volume       = {4},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {2366-7486},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-01970},
      pages        = {2000070},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Although photovoltaic–electrochemical (PV–EC) water
                      splitting is likely to be an important and powerful tool to
                      provide environmentally friendly hydrogen, most developments
                      in this field have been conducted on a laboratory scale so
                      far. In order for the technology to make a sizeable impact
                      on the energy transition, scaled up devices must be
                      developed. Here a scalable (64 cm2 aperture area) artificial
                      PV–EC device composed of triple‐junction thin‐film
                      silicon solar cells in conjunction with an electrodeposited
                      bifunctional nickel iron molybdenum water‐splitting
                      catalyst is shown. The device shows a solar to hydrogen
                      efficiency of up to $4.67\%$ $(5.33\%$ active area, H2
                      production rate of 1.26 μmol H2/s) without bias assistance
                      and wire connection and works for 30 min. The gas separation
                      is enabled by incorporating a membrane in a 3D printed
                      device frame. In addition, a wired small area device is also
                      fabricated in order to show the potential of the concept.
                      The device is operated for 127 h and initially $7.7\%$ solar
                      to hydrogen efficiency with a PV active area of 0.5 cm2 is
                      achieved.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {121 - Solar cells of the next generation (POF3-121)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-121},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000531804800001},
      doi          = {10.1002/adsu.202000070},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/875352},
}