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@ARTICLE{Herzel:877642,
      author       = {Herzel, Hannes and Dombinov, Vitalij and Vogel, Christian
                      and Willbold, Sabine and Levandowski, Gabriel Vettorazzi and
                      Müller, Felix and Meiller, Martin and Zang, Joachim Werner
                      and Fonseca-Zang, Warde Antonieta da and Jablonowski,
                      Nicolai David and Schrey, Silvia Diana and Adam, Christian},
      title        = {{S}oybean {F}ertilized by {P}-{P}hases from
                      {B}agasse-{B}ased {M}aterials: {P}-{E}xtraction
                      {P}rocedures, {D}iffusive {G}radients in {T}hin {F}ilms
                      ({DGT}), and {X}-ray {D}iffraction {A}nalysis ({XRD})},
      journal      = {Agronomy},
      volume       = {10},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {2073-4395},
      address      = {Basel},
      publisher    = {MDPI},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02356},
      pages        = {895 -},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {The Brazilian sugarcane industry produced around 173
                      million tons (Mt) of bagasse in 2018. Bagasse is a
                      by-product of juice extraction for ethanol and sugar
                      production and is combusted in order to generate power,
                      producing up to 10 Mt of ash per year. This ash contains
                      various concentrations of plant nutrients, which allow the
                      ash to be used as a crop fertilizer. However, the
                      concentration and extractability of phosphorus (P), an
                      essential plant nutrient, are low in bagasse ash. To
                      increase the P content, we co-gasified and co-combusted
                      bagasse with P-rich chicken manure. The resulting ash was
                      thermochemically post-treated with alkali additives (Na2SO4
                      and K2SO4) to increase the availability of P to plants. We
                      aimed to: (i) investigate the effect of thermochemical
                      post-treatment of co-gasification residue and co-combustion
                      ash on P availability to soybeans, (ii) explore the
                      potential of chemical extraction methods (citric acid,
                      neutral ammonium citrate, formic acid, and Mehlich-I) and
                      diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) to predict the
                      availability of P to soybeans, and (iii) identify the
                      responsible P-phases using X-ray diffraction . We evaluated
                      P availability to soybeans growing in Brazilian Oxisol soil
                      in two independent greenhouse pot experiments. The positive
                      effect of thermochemical treatment on P availability from
                      gasification residue was confirmed through the observation
                      of increased P uptake and biomass in soybean plants. These
                      findings were confirmed by chemical extraction methods and
                      DGT. The gasification residue contained whitlockite as its
                      main P-bearing phase. Thermochemical post-treatment
                      converted whitlockite into highly soluble CaNaPO4. In
                      contrast, co-combustion ash already contained highly soluble
                      Ca(Na,K)PO4 as its main P-bearing phase, making
                      thermochemical post-treatment unnecessary for increasing P
                      availability. In conclusion, increased extractability and
                      availability of P for soybeans were closely connected to the
                      formation of calcium alkali phosphate. Our findings indicate
                      that this combined methodology allows for the prediction of
                      P-fertilization effects of ash.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {640},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000551549200001},
      doi          = {10.3390/agronomy10060895},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/877642},
}