TY - JOUR AU - Yang, Danqing AU - Ding, Chao AU - Qi, Guanxiao AU - Feldmeyer, Dirk TI - Cholinergic and Adenosinergic Modulation of Synaptic Release JO - Neuroscience VL - 456 SN - 0306-4522 CY - Amsterdam [u.a.] PB - Elsevier Science M1 - FZJ-2020-02556 SP - 114-130 PY - 2021 AB - In this review we will discuss the effect of two neuromodulatory transmitters, acetylcholine (ACh) and adenosine, on the synaptic release probability and short-term synaptic plasticity. ACh and adenosine differ fundamentally in the way they are released into the extracellular space. ACh is released mostly from synaptic terminals and axonal bouton of cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain. Its mode of action on synaptic release probability is complex because it activate both ligand-gated ion channels, so-called nicotinic ACh receptors and G-protein coupled muscarinic ACh receptors. In contrast, adenosine is released from both neurons and glia via nucleoside transporters or diffusion over the cell membrane in a non-vesicular, non-synaptic fashion; its receptors are exclusively G-protein coupled receptors. We show that ACh and adenosine effects are highly specific for an identified synaptic connection and depend mostly on the presynaptic but also on the postsynaptic receptor type and discuss the functional implications of these differences. LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - 32540364 UR - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000617031000012 DO - DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.006 UR - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/877982 ER -