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@ARTICLE{Wei:878262,
      author       = {Wei, Xian-Kui and Xiong, Dehua and Liu, Lifeng and
                      Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E.},
      title        = {{S}elf-{E}pitaxial {H}etero-{N}anolayers and {S}urface
                      {A}tom {R}econstruction in {E}lectrocatalytic {N}ickel
                      {P}hosphides},
      journal      = {ACS applied materials $\&$ interfaces},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {19},
      issn         = {1944-8252},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02731},
      pages        = {21616 - 21622},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Surface atomic, compositional, and electronic structures
                      play decisive roles in governing the performance of
                      catalysts during electrochemical reactions. Nevertheless,
                      for efficient and cheap transition-metal phosphides used for
                      water splitting, such atomic-scale structural information is
                      largely missing. Despite much effort being made so far,
                      there is still a long way to go for establishing a precise
                      structure–activity relationship. Here, in combination with
                      electron-beam bombardment and compositional analysis, our
                      atomic-scale transmission electron microscopy study on Ni5P4
                      nanosheets, with a preferential (001) orientation, directly
                      reveals the coverage of a self-epitaxial Ni2P nanolayer on
                      the phosphide surface. Apart from the presence of nickel
                      vacancies in the Ni5P4 phase, our quantum-mechanical image
                      simulations also suggest the existence of an additional NiPx
                      (0 < x < 0.5) nanolayer, characteristic of complex surface
                      atom reconstruction, on the outermost surface of the
                      phosphides. The surface chemical gradient and the
                      core–shell scenario, probably responsible for the
                      passivated catalytic activity, provide a novel insight to
                      understand the catalytic performance of transition-metal
                      catalysts used for electrochemical energy conversion.},
      cin          = {ER-C-1},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-1-20170209},
      pnm          = {143 - Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143)
                      / CritCat - Towards Replacement of Critical Catalyst
                      Materials by Improved Nanoparticle Control and Rational
                      Design (686053)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143 / G:(EU-Grant)686053},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32301601},
      UT           = {WOS:000535246100045},
      doi          = {10.1021/acsami.0c03154},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878262},
}