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@ARTICLE{FernndezDelgado:878293,
      author       = {Fernández-Delgado, N. and Herrera, M. and Delgado, F. J.
                      and Tavabi, A. H. and Luysberg, M. and Dunin-Borkowski, R.
                      E. and Juárez-Pérez, E. J. and Hames, B Clasen and
                      Mora-Sero, I. and Suárez, I. and Martínez-Pastor, J. P.
                      and Molina, S. I.},
      title        = {{S}tructural characterization of bulk and nanoparticle lead
                      halide perovskite thin films by ({S}){TEM} techniques},
      journal      = {Nanotechnology},
      volume       = {30},
      number       = {13},
      issn         = {1361-6528},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IOP Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02756},
      pages        = {135701 -},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Lead halide (APbX3) perovskites, in polycrystalline thin
                      films but also perovskite nanoparticles (NPs) has
                      demonstrated excellent performance to implement a new
                      generation of photovoltaic and photonic devices. The
                      structural characterization of APbX3 thin films using
                      (scanning) transmission electron microscopy ((S)TEM)
                      techniques can provide valuable information that can be used
                      to understand and model their optoelectronic performance and
                      device properties. However, since APbX3 perovskites are soft
                      materials, their characterization using (S)TEM is
                      challenging. Here, we study and compare the structural
                      properties of two different metal halide APbX3 perovskite
                      thin films: bulk CH3NH3PbI3 prepared by spin-coating of the
                      precursors in solution and CsPbBr3 colloidal NPs synthetized
                      and deposited by doctor blading. Both specimen preparation
                      methods and working conditions for analysis by (S)TEM are
                      properly optimized. We show that CH3NH3PbI3 thin films grown
                      by a one-step method are composed of independent grains with
                      random orientations. The growth method results in the
                      formation of tetragonal perovskite thin films with good
                      adherence to an underlying TiO2 layer, which is
                      characterized by a photoluminescence (PL) emission band
                      centered at 775 nm. The perovskite thin films based on
                      CsPbBr3 colloidal NPs, which are used as the building blocks
                      of the film, are preserved by the deposition process, even
                      if small gaps are observed between adjacent NPs. The crystal
                      structure of CsPbBr3 NPs is cubic, which is beneficial for
                      optical properties due to its optimal band gap. The
                      absorption and PL spectra measured in both the thin film and
                      the colloidal solution of CsPbBr3 NPs are very similar,
                      indicating a good homogeneity of the thin films and the
                      absence of aggregation of NPs. However, a particular care
                      was required to avoid long electron irradiation times during
                      our structural studies, even at a low voltage of 80 kV, as
                      the material was observed to decompose through Pb
                      segregation.},
      cin          = {ER-C-1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-1-20170209},
      pnm          = {143 - Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30620928},
      UT           = {WOS:000457725500001},
      doi          = {10.1088/1361-6528/aafc85},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878293},
}