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@ARTICLE{Qi:878547,
      author       = {Qi, Kai and Annepu, Hemalatha and Gompper, Gerhard and
                      Winkler, Roland G.},
      title        = {{R}heotaxis of spheroidal squirmers in microchannel flow:
                      {I}nterplay of shape, hydrodynamics, active stress, and
                      thermal fluctuations},
      journal      = {Physical review research},
      volume       = {2},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {2643-1564},
      address      = {College Park, MD},
      publisher    = {APS},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02906},
      pages        = {033275},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Microswimmers exposed to microchannel flows exhibit an
                      intriguing coupling between propulsion, shape,
                      hydrodynamics, and flow which gives rise to distinct
                      swimming behaviors. We employ a generic coarse-grained model
                      of prolate spheroidal microswimmers, denoted as squirmers,
                      exposed to channel flow to shed light onto their transport
                      properties. The embedding fluid is implemented by the
                      multiparticle collision dynamics approach (MPC), a
                      particle-based mesoscale simulation method, which includes
                      thermal fluctuations. Specifically, the influence of swimmer
                      shape—spherical vs spheroidal—, active stress—pusher,
                      ciliate, puller—, and thermal fluctuations on their
                      rheotactic behavior is analyzed. The microswimmers
                      accumulate at the confining walls at very low flow rates.
                      With increasing flow strength, squirmers are depleted from
                      the walls, and at high flow rates are also depleted from the
                      channel center. The squirmers show pronounced cross-channel
                      swimming between the confining walls with mixed oscillating
                      and rotational motions due to thermal fluctuations. This
                      strongly affects their rheotactic behavior. In particular,
                      spherical pullers and ciliates swim upstream, whereas
                      spherical pushers essentially swim downstream. The
                      anisotropic shape of spheroidal squirmers enhances wall and
                      center depletion and the alignment of the propulsion
                      direction parallel to the flow, which leads to preferred
                      downstream swimming for all active stresses. This emphasizes
                      the importance of swimmer shape and hydrodynamic wall
                      interactions on the transport properties of a microswimmer
                      such as Volvox and Opalina, for example.},
      cin          = {IBI-5 / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBI-5-20200312 / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {551 - Functional Macromolecules and Complexes (POF3-551) /
                      Collective Dynamics of Microswimmers $(jias21_20191101)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-551 / $G:(DE-Juel1)jias21_20191101$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000604157200003},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033275},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878547},
}