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@ARTICLE{Benitez:878557,
      author       = {Benitez, Alicia and Wulf, Christina and Grube, Thomas and
                      Kuckshinrichs, Wilhelm and Palmenaer, Andreas de and
                      Lengersdorf, Michael and R€oding, Tim and Robinius, Martin
                      and Stolten, Detlef},
      title        = {{E}cological assessment of fuel cell electric vehicles with
                      special focuson type {IV} carbon fiber hydrogen tank},
      journal      = {Journal of cleaner production},
      volume       = {278},
      issn         = {0959-6526},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02916},
      pages        = {123277},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Fuel cell electric vehicles promise to be a viable
                      technical option for using surplus energy produced
                      byrenewables, and in turn, help the transport sector to
                      reduce environmental impacts. However, thetechnology is
                      still under development and, for some components, the
                      environmental performance isuncertain, e.g. the hydrogen
                      storage tank. Manufacturers produce hydrogen tanks
                      consisting of carboncomposite materials because of their
                      mechanical properties. Yet, the production of carbon fibers
                      involvescomplex and energy-intensive processes. Therefore,
                      this study addresses a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ofa fuel
                      cell electric vehicle (FCEV) and focuses on the
                      manufacturing process of the hydrogen storage tankand carbon
                      fibers needed for its production. This study suggests that
                      the tank is important for climatechange, ionizing radiation
                      and fossil depletion, but less relevant for toxic-related
                      environmental indicators.The evaluation of the future
                      scenario suggested an improvement in the environmental
                      performanceof the tank, especially regarding climate change
                      by $46\%,$ namely 5.6 t CO2-Eq versus 3.0 t CO2-Eq, and
                      human toxicity by $75\%,$ namely 2.7 t 1, 4-DCB-Eq versus
                      0.7 t 1, 4-DCB-Eq per tank for current andfuture conditions,
                      respectively. Finally, for a lifetime mileage of 150,000 km,
                      the fuel cell electric vehicleis responsible for 15 kg
                      CO2-Eq/100 km in the current scenario and 9 kg CO2-Eq/100 km
                      in the futurescenario, respectively.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE / IEK-3},
      ddc          = {330},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {111 - Energiesystemtransformation (POF4-111) / 1111 -
                      Effective System Transformation Pathways (POF4-111) / 1112 -
                      Societally Feasible Transformation Pathways (POF4-111)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-111 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1111 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF4-1112},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000592389400006},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123277},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878557},
}