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@ARTICLE{Ran:878586,
      author       = {Ran, Ke and Deibert, Wendelin and Ivanova, Mariya E. and
                      Meulenberg, Wilhelm A. and Mayer, Joachim},
      title        = {{D}irection observation of the grain boundary segregation
                      in molybdenum substituted lanthanum tungstate membranes},
      journal      = {Nanoscale},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {34},
      issn         = {2040-3372},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {RSC Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02929},
      pages        = {17841-17848},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Molybdenum substituted lanthanum tungstate membranes
                      (LWO-Mo) offer a good alternative for the separation of
                      hydrogen from gas mixtures. During several essential steps
                      of the membrane processing, an intensive employment of ZrO2
                      milling balls is usually inevitable. However, how these
                      milling balls affect the final LWO-Mo membranes, is still
                      largely unknown. Employing comprehensive transmission
                      electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, the residual Zr was
                      found to segregate to the grain boundaries (GBs) of the
                      LWO-Mo, either as thin layers or as individual nanograins.
                      At atomic scale, structural and chemical analyses on these
                      GB features were carried out quantitatively. The segregated
                      Zr took more than half of the W sites of the LWO-Mo,
                      resulting in a strained LWO structure and locally
                      concentrated oxygen vacancies. To minimize any Zr
                      contamination, either a competent alternative for ZrO2 or a
                      careful introduction of certain secondary phases (SPs) was
                      proposed. Our results unravel the processing-induced GB
                      behaviors in LWO-Mo, which pave the way towards further
                      optimized processing for various types of functional
                      membranes.},
      cin          = {IEK-1 / ER-C-2},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-2-20170209},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32839795},
      UT           = {WOS:000566813600017},
      doi          = {10.1039/D0NR04396F},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878586},
}