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@ARTICLE{Krause:878641,
      author       = {Krause, Simon and Bon, Volodymyr and Du, Hongchu and
                      Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E and Stoeck, Ulrich and Senkovska,
                      Irena and Kaskel, Stefan},
      title        = {{T}he impact of crystal size and temperature on the
                      adsorption-induced flexibility of the {Z}r-based
                      metal-organic framework {DUT}-98},
      journal      = {Beilstein journal of nanotechnology},
      volume       = {10},
      issn         = {2190-4286},
      address      = {Frankfurt, M.},
      publisher    = {Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen
                      Wissenschaften},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02969},
      pages        = {1737-1744},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {In this contribution we analyse the influence of adsorption
                      cycling, crystal size, and temperature on the switching
                      behaviour of the flexible Zr-based metal-organic framework
                      DUT-98. We observe a shift in the gate opening pressure upon
                      cycling of adsorption experiments of micro meter-sized
                      crystals and assign this to a fragmentation of the crystals.
                      In a series of modulated syntheses we downsize the average
                      crystal size of DUT-98 crystals from 120 µm to 50 nm and
                      characterize the obtained solids by X-ray diffraction,
                      infrared spectroscopy, as well as scanning and transmission
                      electron microscopy. We analyse the adsorption behaviour by
                      nitrogen and water adsorption at 77 K and 298 K,
                      respectively and show that adsorption-induced flexibility is
                      only observed for micro meter-sized crystals.
                      Nanometer-sized crystals were found to exhibit reversible
                      type I adsorption behaviour upon adsorption of nitrogen and
                      exhibit a crystal-size dependent steep water uptake of up to
                      20 mmol g -1 at 0.5  p / p 0 with potential for water
                      harvesting and heat pump applications. We furthermore
                      investigate the temperature-induced structural transition by
                      in situ PXRD. At temperatures beyond 110 °C the open pore
                      state of nano meter-sized DUT-98 crystals are found to
                      irreversibly transform in a closed pore state. The
                      connection of crystal fragmentation upon adsorption cycling
                      and the crystal size-dependence of the adsorption-induced
                      flexibility is an important finding for evaluation of these
                      materials in future adsorption-based applications. This work
                      thus extends the limited amount of studies on crystal size
                      effects in flexible MOFs and hopefully motivates further
                      investigations into this field.},
      cin          = {ER-C-1},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-1-20170209},
      pnm          = {143 - Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143)
                      / DFG project 167917811 - SFB 917: Resistiv schaltende
                      Chalkogenide für zukünftige Elektronikanwendungen:
                      Struktur, Kinetik und Bauelementskalierung "Nanoswitches"
                      (167917811)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143 / G:(GEPRIS)167917811},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.3762/bxiv.2019.52.v1},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878641},
}