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@ARTICLE{Bnecke:878674,
      author       = {Bönecke, Eric and Breitsameter, Laura and Brüggemann,
                      Nicolas and Chen, Tsu‐Wei and Feike, Til and Kage, Henning
                      and Kersebaum, Kurt‐Christian and Piepho, Hans‐Peter and
                      Stützel, Hartmut},
      title        = {{D}ecoupling of impact factors reveals the response of
                      {G}erman winter wheat yields to climatic changes},
      journal      = {Global change biology},
      volume       = {26},
      number       = {6},
      issn         = {1365-2486},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-02992},
      pages        = {3601 - 3626},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Yield development of agricultural crops over time is not
                      merely the result of genetic and agronomic factors, but also
                      the outcome of a complex interaction between climatic and
                      site‐specific soil conditions. However, the influence of
                      past climatic changes on yield trends remains unclear,
                      particularly under consideration of different soil
                      conditions. In this study, we determine the effects of
                      single agrometeorological factors on the evolution of German
                      winter wheat yields between 1958 and 2015 from 298 published
                      nitrogen (N)‐fertilization experiments. For this purpose,
                      we separate climatic from genetic and agronomic yield
                      effects using linear mixed effect models and estimate the
                      climatic influence based on a coefficient of determination
                      for these models. We found earlier occurrence of wheat
                      growth stages, and shortened development phases except for
                      the phase of stem elongation. Agrometeorological factors are
                      defined as climate covariates related to the growth of
                      winter wheat. Our results indicate a general and strong
                      effect of agroclimatic changes on yield development, in
                      particular due to increasing mean temperatures and heat
                      stress events during the grain‐filling period. Except for
                      heat stress days with more than 31°C, yields at sites with
                      higher yield potential were less prone to adverse weather
                      effects than at sites with lower yield potential. Our data
                      furthermore reveal that a potential yield levelling, as
                      found for many West‐European countries, predominantly
                      occurred at sites with relatively low yield potential and
                      about one decade earlier (mid‐1980s) compared to averaged
                      yield data for the whole of Germany. Interestingly, effects
                      related to high precipitation events were less relevant than
                      temperature‐related effects and became relevant
                      particularly during the vegetative growth phase. Overall,
                      this study emphasizes the sensitivity of yield productivity
                      to past climatic conditions, under consideration of regional
                      differences, and underlines the necessity of finding
                      adaptation strategies for food production under ongoing and
                      expected climate change.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32154969},
      UT           = {WOS:000526611500001},
      doi          = {10.1111/gcb.15073},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/878674},
}