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@ARTICLE{PuigRigall:884058,
      author       = {Puig-Rigall, Joan and Blanco-Prieto, María J. and
                      Radulescu, Aurel and Dreiss, Cécile A. and
                      González-Gaitano, Gustavo},
      title        = {{M}orphology, gelation and cytotoxicity evaluation of
                      {D}-α-{T}ocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate ({TPGS})
                      – {T}etronic mixed micelles},
      journal      = {Journal of colloid and interface science},
      volume       = {582},
      number       = {Part A},
      issn         = {0021-9797},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-03069},
      pages        = {353 - 363},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {HypothesisThe combination of polymeric surfactants into
                      mixed micelles is expected to improve properties relevant to
                      their use in drug delivery, such as micellar size, gelation,
                      and toxicity. We investigated synergistic effects in
                      mixtures of D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate
                      (TPGS), an FDA-approved PEGylated derivative of vitamin E,
                      and Tetronic surfactants, pH-responsive and thermogelling
                      polyethylene oxide (PEO)-polypropylene oxide (PPO) 4-arm
                      block copolymers. We hypothesized that mixed micelles would
                      form under specific conditions and provide a handle to tune
                      formulation characteristics.ExperimentsWe examined the
                      morphology of the self-assembled structures in mixtures of
                      TPGS with two Tetronic: T1107 and T908, using a combination
                      of dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle neutron
                      scattering (SANS), NMR spectroscopy (NOESY and diffusion
                      NMR) and oscillatory rheology, over a range of compositions,
                      temperatures and pH. Cell viability was assessed in NIH/3T3
                      fibroblasts.FindingsThe combination of TPGS with either of
                      the two Tetronic produces spherical core-shell micelles that
                      comprise both surfactants in their structure (mixed
                      micelles). T1107 unimers incorporate into TPGS aggregates
                      below the critical micelle temperature of the poloxamine,
                      while mixed micelles only form under limited conditions with
                      T908. At high concentration/temperature, small proportions
                      of TPGS extend the gel phase, more markedly with T1107, with
                      similar elastic moduli (30–50 kPa) and a BCC crystalline
                      structure. Cell viability of NIH/3T3 fibroblasts grown in
                      the hydrogels increases significantly when the poloxamine
                      gels are doped with TPGS, making the combination of
                      poloxamines and TPGS a promising platform for drug
                      delivery.},
      cin          = {JCNS-FRM-II / JCNS-1 / MLZ},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106 / I:(DE-588b)4597118-3},
      pnm          = {6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron Research (JCNS) (FZJ)
                      (POF4-6G4) / 632 - Materials – Quantum, Complex and
                      Functional Materials (POF4-632)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF4-6G4 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-632},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS2-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {32858401},
      UT           = {WOS:000590679100004},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.004},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/884058},
}