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@ARTICLE{Jia:884244,
      author       = {Jia, Hongying and Zimmermann, Bernd and Hoffmann, Markus
                      and Sallermann, Moritz and Bihlmayer, Gustav and Blügel,
                      Stefan},
      title        = {{M}aterial systems for {FM}-/{AFM}-coupled skyrmions in
                      {C}o/{P}t-based multilayers},
      journal      = {Physical review materials},
      volume       = {4},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {2475-9953},
      address      = {College Park, MD},
      publisher    = {APS},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-03143},
      pages        = {094407},
      year         = {2020},
      abstract     = {Antiferromagnetically coupled magnetic skyrmions are
                      considered ideal candidates for high-density information
                      carriers. This is due to the suppressed skyrmion Hall effect
                      compared to conventional skyrmions and a smaller size due to
                      the cancellation of some contributions to the magnetostatic
                      dipolar fields. By means of systematic first-principles
                      calculations based on density functional theory we search
                      for suitable materials that can host antiferromagnetically
                      coupled skyrmions. We concentrate on fcc-stacked
                      (111)-oriented metallic $Z$/Co/Pt ($Z=4d$ series: Y$-$Pd,
                      the noble metals: Cu, Ag, Au, post noble metals: Zn and Cd)
                      magnetic multilayers of films of monatomic thickness. We
                      present quantitative trends of magnetic properties: magnetic
                      moments, interlayer exchange coupling, spin stiffness,
                      Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, magnetic anisotropy, and
                      the critical temperature. We show that some of the $Z$
                      elements (Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Tc, Ru, Rh, and Cd) can induce
                      antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling between the magnetic
                      Co layers, and that they influence the easy magnetization
                      axis. Employing a multiscale approach, we transfer the
                      micromagnetic parameters determined from $ab$ $initio$ to a
                      micromagnetic energy functional and search for
                      one-dimensional spin-spiral solutions and two-dimensional
                      skyrmions. We determine the skyrmion radius by numerically
                      solving the equation of the skyrmion profile. We found an
                      analytical expression for the skyrmion radius that covers
                      our numerical results and is valid for a large regime of
                      micromagnetic parameters. Based on this expression we have
                      proposed a model that allows to extrapolate from the $ab$
                      $initio$ results of monatomic films to multilayers with Co
                      films consisting of several atomic layers containing 10-nm
                      skyrmions. We found thickness regimes where tiny changes of
                      the film thickness may alter the skyrmion radius by orders
                      of magnitude. We estimated the skyrmion size as function of
                      temperature and found that the size can easily double going
                      from cryogenic to room temperature. We suggest promising
                      material systems for ferromagnetically and
                      antiferromagnetically coupled spin-spiral and skyrmion
                      systems.},
      cin          = {PGI-1 / IAS-1 / JARA-FIT / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {142 - Controlling Spin-Based Phenomena (POF3-142) / 143 -
                      Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143) /
                      Systematic investigation of magnetic thin films and
                      multi-layers - towards sub-10nm skyrmions for future data
                      storage devices $(jara0197_20191101)$ / Magnetic Anisotropy
                      of Metallic Layered Systems and Nanostructures
                      $(jiff13_20191101)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-142 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143 /
                      $G:(DE-Juel1)jara0197_20191101$ /
                      $G:(DE-Juel1)jiff13_20191101$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000573307600005},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.4.094407},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/884244},
}