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000884811 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)173770$$aHeckner, Marisa K.$$b0$$eCorresponding author
000884811 245__ $$aThe Aging Brain and Executive Functions Revisited: Implications from Meta-analytic and Functional Connectivity Evidence
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000884811 520__ $$aHealthy aging is associated with changes in cognitive performance, including executive functions (EFs) and their associated brain activation patterns. However, it has remained unclear which EF-related brain regions are affected consistently, because the results of pertinent neuroimaging studies and earlier meta-analyses vary considerably. We, therefore, conducted new rigorous meta-analyses of published age differences in EF-related brain activity. Out of a larger set of regions associated with EFs, only the left inferior frontal junction and the left anterior cuneus/precuneus were found to show consistent age differences. To further characterize these two age-sensitive regions, we performed seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (RS-FC) analyses using fMRI data from a large adult sample with a wide age range. We also assessed associations of the two regions' whole-brain RS-FC patterns with age and EF performance. Although functional profiling and RS-FC analyses point toward a domain-general role of the left inferior frontal junction in EFs, the pattern of individual study contributions to the meta-analytic results suggests process-specific modulations by age. Our analyses further indicate that the left anterior cuneus/precuneus is recruited differently by older (compared with younger) adults during EF tasks, potentially reflecting inefficiencies in switching the attentional focus. Overall, our findings question earlier meta-analytic results and suggest a larger heterogeneity of age-related differences in brain activity associated with EFs. Hence, they encourage future research that pays greater attention to replicability, investigates age-related differences in deactivation, and focuses on more narrowly defined EF subprocesses, combining multiple behavioral assessments with multimodal imaging.
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000884811 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131855$$aCieslik, Edna C.$$b1$$eCorresponding author
000884811 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131678$$aEickhoff, Simon B.$$b2
000884811 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)172024$$aCamilleri, Julia$$b3
000884811 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131684$$aHoffstaedter, Felix$$b4
000884811 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)131693$$aLangner, Robert$$b5
000884811 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1475255-4$$a10.1162/jocn_a_01616$$gp. 1 - 36$$n9$$p1716-1752$$tJournal of cognitive neuroscience$$v33$$x0898-929X$$y2021
000884811 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/884811/files/Invoice_5140.pdf
000884811 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/884811/files/Heckner_JOCN_Manuscript_ALEFC20_PrivatePreprint.pdf$$yPublished on 2021-08-01. Available in OpenAccess from 2021-11-01.
000884811 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/884811/files/heckner%20jocn_a_01616.pdf$$yPublished on 2021-08-01. Available in OpenAccess from 2021-11-01.
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