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@ARTICLE{Heckner:884811,
      author       = {Heckner, Marisa K. and Cieslik, Edna C. and Eickhoff, Simon
                      B. and Camilleri, Julia and Hoffstaedter, Felix and Langner,
                      Robert},
      title        = {{T}he {A}ging {B}rain and {E}xecutive {F}unctions
                      {R}evisited: {I}mplications from {M}eta-analytic and
                      {F}unctional {C}onnectivity {E}vidence},
      journal      = {Journal of cognitive neuroscience},
      volume       = {33},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {0898-929X},
      address      = {Cambridge, Mass.},
      publisher    = {MIT Pr. Journals},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2020-03268},
      pages        = {1716-1752},
      year         = {2021},
      abstract     = {Healthy aging is associated with changes in cognitive
                      performance, including executive functions (EFs) and their
                      associated brain activation patterns. However, it has
                      remained unclear which EF-related brain regions are affected
                      consistently, because the results of pertinent neuroimaging
                      studies and earlier meta-analyses vary considerably. We,
                      therefore, conducted new rigorous meta-analyses of published
                      age differences in EF-related brain activity. Out of a
                      larger set of regions associated with EFs, only the left
                      inferior frontal junction and the left anterior
                      cuneus/precuneus were found to show consistent age
                      differences. To further characterize these two age-sensitive
                      regions, we performed seed-based resting-state functional
                      connectivity (RS-FC) analyses using fMRI data from a large
                      adult sample with a wide age range. We also assessed
                      associations of the two regions' whole-brain RS-FC patterns
                      with age and EF performance. Although functional profiling
                      and RS-FC analyses point toward a domain-general role of the
                      left inferior frontal junction in EFs, the pattern of
                      individual study contributions to the meta-analytic results
                      suggests process-specific modulations by age. Our analyses
                      further indicate that the left anterior cuneus/precuneus is
                      recruited differently by older (compared with younger)
                      adults during EF tasks, potentially reflecting
                      inefficiencies in switching the attentional focus. Overall,
                      our findings question earlier meta-analytic results and
                      suggest a larger heterogeneity of age-related differences in
                      brain activity associated with EFs. Hence, they encourage
                      future research that pays greater attention to
                      replicability, investigates age-related differences in
                      deactivation, and focuses on more narrowly defined EF
                      subprocesses, combining multiple behavioral assessments with
                      multimodal imaging.},
      cin          = {INM-7},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-7-20090406},
      pnm          = {572 - (Dys-)function and Plasticity (POF3-572) / 5252 -
                      Brain Dysfunction and Plasticity (POF4-525)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-572 / G:(DE-HGF)POF4-5252},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:32762523},
      UT           = {WOS:000684225300006},
      doi          = {10.1162/jocn_a_01616},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/884811},
}